Congenital or acquired abnormal fusion of ≥ 2 tarsal bones
Union may be osseous, cartilaginous, or fibrous
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Reporting Tips
Selected References
King A et al: Endoscopic resection of tarsal coalitions. Foot Ankle Clin. 25(3):493-503, 2020
Phyo N et al: The radiological diagnosis of extra-articular posteromedial talocalcaneal coalition. Skeletal Radiol. 49(9):1413-22, 2020
Docquier PL et al: Tarsal coalition in paediatric patients. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 105(1S):S123-31, 2019
Steinborn M et al: Normal variations and pathologic disorders of chondrification and ossification of the foot and related diseases. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 23(5):497-510, 2019
Bixby SD et al: Posteromedial subtalar coalitions: prevalence and associated morphological alterations of the sustentaculum tali. Pediatr Radiol. 46(8):1142-9, 2016
Brown RR et al: The C sign: more specific for flatfoot deformity than subtalar coalition. Skeletal Radiol. 30(2):84-7, 2001
Blakemore LC et al: The rigid flatfoot. Tarsal coalitions. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 17(3):531-55, 2000
Newman JS et al: Congenital tarsal coalition: multimodality evaluation with emphasis on CT and MR imaging. Radiographics. 20(2):321-32; quiz 526-7, 532, 2000
Varner KE et al: Tarsal coalition in adults. Foot Ankle Int. 21(8):669-72, 2000
Gessner AJ et al: Tarsal coalition in pediatric patients. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 3(3):239-46, 1999
Sakellariou A et al: Tarsal coalition. Orthopedics. 22(11):1066-73; discussion 1073-4; quiz 10, 1999
Emery KH et al: Tarsal coalition: a blinded comparison of MRI and CT. Pediatr Radiol. 28(8):612-6, 1998
Vincent KA: Tarsal coalition and painful flatfoot. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 6(5):274-81, 1998
Kulik SA Jr et al: Tarsal coalition. Foot Ankle Int. 17(5):286-96, 1996
Laor T et al: MR imaging in congenital lower limb deformities. Pediatr Radiol. 26(6):381-7, 1996
Lateur LM et al: Subtalar coalition: diagnosis with the C sign on lateral radiographs of the ankle. Radiology. 193(3):847-51, 1994
Pfeiffer WH et al: Clinical results after tarsal tunnel decompression. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 76(8):1222-30, 1994
Oestreich AE et al: The "anteater nose": a direct sign of calcaneonavicular coalition on the lateral radiograph. J Pediatr Orthop. 7(6):709-11, 1987
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
Tarsal fusion
Definitions
Congenital or acquired abnormal fusion of ≥ 2 tarsal bones
Union may be osseous, cartilaginous, or fibrous
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Reporting Tips
Selected References
King A et al: Endoscopic resection of tarsal coalitions. Foot Ankle Clin. 25(3):493-503, 2020
Phyo N et al: The radiological diagnosis of extra-articular posteromedial talocalcaneal coalition. Skeletal Radiol. 49(9):1413-22, 2020
Docquier PL et al: Tarsal coalition in paediatric patients. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 105(1S):S123-31, 2019
Steinborn M et al: Normal variations and pathologic disorders of chondrification and ossification of the foot and related diseases. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 23(5):497-510, 2019
Bixby SD et al: Posteromedial subtalar coalitions: prevalence and associated morphological alterations of the sustentaculum tali. Pediatr Radiol. 46(8):1142-9, 2016