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Ultrasound
Diagnosis
Musculoskeletal
Neurovascular Abnormalities
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
James F. Griffith, MD, MRCP, FRCR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      TERMINOLOGY

      • Abbreviations

        • Tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS)

      • Definitions

        • Entrapment neuropathy of tibial nerve and its branches on medial aspect of ankle
        • → pain, burning sensation, paraesthesia, and numbness of medial 3 toes, sole of foot, and heel region
        • 2 forms of TTS
          • Upper (tibiotalar): Compression of tibial nerve within tarsal tunnel
            • Upper tarsal tunnel extends from retromalleolar region to proximal end of abductor hallucis muscle
          • Lower (tibiocalcaneal): Compression of plantar nerves in their separate tunnels deep and distal to abductor hallucis muscle
            • Lower tarsal tunnel lies deep to and distal to abductor hallucis muscle

      IMAGING

      • General Features

        • MR Findings

          • Ultrasonographic Findings

            • Imaging Recommendations

              DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                CLINICAL ISSUES

                • Presentation

                  • Demographics

                    • Treatment

                      Selected References

                      1. De Maeseneer M et al: Normal anatomy and compression areas of nerves of the foot and ankle: US and MR imaging with anatomic correlation. Radiographics. 35(5):1469-82, 2015
                      Related Anatomy
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                      Related Differential Diagnoses
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                      References
                      Tables

                      Tables

                      KEY FACTS

                      • Terminology

                        • Imaging

                          TERMINOLOGY

                          • Abbreviations

                            • Tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS)

                          • Definitions

                            • Entrapment neuropathy of tibial nerve and its branches on medial aspect of ankle
                            • → pain, burning sensation, paraesthesia, and numbness of medial 3 toes, sole of foot, and heel region
                            • 2 forms of TTS
                              • Upper (tibiotalar): Compression of tibial nerve within tarsal tunnel
                                • Upper tarsal tunnel extends from retromalleolar region to proximal end of abductor hallucis muscle
                              • Lower (tibiocalcaneal): Compression of plantar nerves in their separate tunnels deep and distal to abductor hallucis muscle
                                • Lower tarsal tunnel lies deep to and distal to abductor hallucis muscle

                          IMAGING

                          • General Features

                            • MR Findings

                              • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                • Imaging Recommendations

                                  DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                    CLINICAL ISSUES

                                    • Presentation

                                      • Demographics

                                        • Treatment

                                          Selected References

                                          1. De Maeseneer M et al: Normal anatomy and compression areas of nerves of the foot and ankle: US and MR imaging with anatomic correlation. Radiographics. 35(5):1469-82, 2015