FNVM: Benign developmental lesion near intratemporal facial nerve in geniculate fossa area
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Rao D et al: A case of a facial nerve venous malformation presenting with crocodile tear syndrome. Surg Neurol Int. 11:3, 2020
Bonali M et al: Endoscopic transcanal approach to geniculate ganglion hemangioma and simultaneous facial nerve reinnervation: a case report. J Int Adv Otol. 15(1):165-68, 2019
Guerin JB et al: Facial nerve venous malformation: a radiologic and histopathologic review of 11 cases. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol. 4(3):347-52, 2019
ISSVA International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies. Published May 2018. Accessed 1/30/2021. https://www.issva.org/classification
Wick CC et al: Transcanal endoscopic ear surgery for excision of a facial nerve venous malformation with interposition nerve grafting: a case report. Otol Neurotol. 38(6):895-9, 2017
Lahlou G et al: Geniculate ganglion tumors: clinical presentation and surgical results. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 155(5):850-5, 2016
Maiodna E et al: Cavernous malformation of the seventh cranial nerve: case report and review of literature. World Neurosurg. 91:676.e13-21, 2016
Omor Y et al: "Honeycomb" sign. Presse Med. 45(5):541-3, 2016
Yue Y et al: Retrospective case series of the imaging findings of facial nerve hemangioma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 272(9):2497-503, 2015
Ma X et al: Facial nerve preservation in geniculate ganglion hemangiomas. Acta Otolaryngol. 134(9):974-6, 2014
Benoit MM et al: Facial nerve hemangiomas: vascular tumors or malformations? Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 142(1):108-14, 2010
Greene AK et al: Intraosseous "hemangiomas" are malformations and not tumors. Plast Reconstr Surg. 119(6):1949-50; author reply 1950, 2007
Isaacson B et al: Hemangiomas of the geniculate ganglion. Otol Neurotol. 26(4):796-802, 2005
Bernardeschi D et al: Vascular malformation (so-called hemangioma) of Scarpa's ganglion. Acta Otolaryngol. 124(9):1099-102, 2004
Piccirillo E et al: Management of temporal bone hemangiomas. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 113(6):431-7, 2004
Achilli V et al: Facial nerve hemangioma. Otol Neurotol. 23(6):1003-4, 2002
Friedman O et al: Temporal bone hemangiomas involving the facial nerve. Otol Neurotol. 23(5):760-6, 2002
Salib RJ et al: The crucial role of imaging in detection of facial nerve haemangiomas. J Laryngol Otol. 115(6):510-3, 2001
Martin N et al: Haemangioma of the petrous bone: MRI. Neuroradiology. 34(5):420-2, 1992
Shelton C et al: Intratemporal facial nerve hemangiomas. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 104(1):116-21, 1991
Lo WW et al: Intratemporal vascular tumors: detection with CT and MR imaging. Radiology. 171(2):445-8, 1989
Curtin HD et al: "Ossifying" hemangiomas of the temporal bone: evaluation with CT. Radiology. 164(3):831-5, 1987
Mulliken JB et al: Hemangiomas and vascular malformations in infants and children: a classification based on endothelial characteristics. Plast Reconstr Surg. 69(3):412-22, 1982
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Facial nerve venous malformation (FNVM)
Synonyms
Facial nerve hemangioma/ossifying hemangioma
Historic terms for FNVM
Definitions
FNVM: Benign developmental lesion near intratemporal facial nerve in geniculate fossa area
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Rao D et al: A case of a facial nerve venous malformation presenting with crocodile tear syndrome. Surg Neurol Int. 11:3, 2020
Bonali M et al: Endoscopic transcanal approach to geniculate ganglion hemangioma and simultaneous facial nerve reinnervation: a case report. J Int Adv Otol. 15(1):165-68, 2019
Guerin JB et al: Facial nerve venous malformation: a radiologic and histopathologic review of 11 cases. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol. 4(3):347-52, 2019
ISSVA International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies. Published May 2018. Accessed 1/30/2021. https://www.issva.org/classification
Wick CC et al: Transcanal endoscopic ear surgery for excision of a facial nerve venous malformation with interposition nerve grafting: a case report. Otol Neurotol. 38(6):895-9, 2017
Lahlou G et al: Geniculate ganglion tumors: clinical presentation and surgical results. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 155(5):850-5, 2016
Maiodna E et al: Cavernous malformation of the seventh cranial nerve: case report and review of literature. World Neurosurg. 91:676.e13-21, 2016
Omor Y et al: "Honeycomb" sign. Presse Med. 45(5):541-3, 2016
Yue Y et al: Retrospective case series of the imaging findings of facial nerve hemangioma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 272(9):2497-503, 2015
Ma X et al: Facial nerve preservation in geniculate ganglion hemangiomas. Acta Otolaryngol. 134(9):974-6, 2014
Benoit MM et al: Facial nerve hemangiomas: vascular tumors or malformations? Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 142(1):108-14, 2010
Greene AK et al: Intraosseous "hemangiomas" are malformations and not tumors. Plast Reconstr Surg. 119(6):1949-50; author reply 1950, 2007
Isaacson B et al: Hemangiomas of the geniculate ganglion. Otol Neurotol. 26(4):796-802, 2005
Bernardeschi D et al: Vascular malformation (so-called hemangioma) of Scarpa's ganglion. Acta Otolaryngol. 124(9):1099-102, 2004
Piccirillo E et al: Management of temporal bone hemangiomas. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 113(6):431-7, 2004
Achilli V et al: Facial nerve hemangioma. Otol Neurotol. 23(6):1003-4, 2002
Friedman O et al: Temporal bone hemangiomas involving the facial nerve. Otol Neurotol. 23(5):760-6, 2002
Salib RJ et al: The crucial role of imaging in detection of facial nerve haemangiomas. J Laryngol Otol. 115(6):510-3, 2001
Martin N et al: Haemangioma of the petrous bone: MRI. Neuroradiology. 34(5):420-2, 1992
Shelton C et al: Intratemporal facial nerve hemangiomas. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 104(1):116-21, 1991
Lo WW et al: Intratemporal vascular tumors: detection with CT and MR imaging. Radiology. 171(2):445-8, 1989
Curtin HD et al: "Ossifying" hemangiomas of the temporal bone: evaluation with CT. Radiology. 164(3):831-5, 1987
Mulliken JB et al: Hemangiomas and vascular malformations in infants and children: a classification based on endothelial characteristics. Plast Reconstr Surg. 69(3):412-22, 1982
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