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Head and Neck
Diagnosis
Skull Base and Facial Trauma
Skull Base
Temporal Bone Fractures
Temporal Bone Fractures
Daniel E. Meltzer, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Diagnostic Checklist

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Synonyms

            • Temporal bone (T-bone) fracture

          • Definitions

            • Traumatic injury of temporal bone ± ossicle injury

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • CT Findings

              • MR Findings

                • Imaging Recommendations

                  DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                    PATHOLOGY

                    • General Features

                      CLINICAL ISSUES

                      • Presentation

                        • Demographics

                          • Natural History & Prognosis

                            • Treatment

                              DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                              • Consider

                                • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                  • Reporting Tips

                                    Selected References

                                    1. Choi HG et al: The Rates and Clinical Characteristics of Pneumolabyrinth in Temporal Bone Fracture. Otol Neurotol. 36(6):1048-53, 2015
                                    2. Kennedy TA et al: Imaging of temporal bone trauma. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 24(3):467-86, viii, 2014
                                    3. Sun GH et al: Do contemporary temporal bone fracture classification systems reflect concurrent intracranial and cervical spine injuries? Laryngoscope. 121(5):929-32, 2011
                                    4. Delgado Almandoz JE et al: Multidetector CT angiography in the evaluation of acute blunt head and neck trauma: a proposed acute craniocervical trauma scoring system. Radiology. 254(1):236-44, 2010
                                    5. Delgado Almandoz JE et al: Prevalence of traumatic dural venous sinus thrombosis in high-risk acute blunt head trauma patients evaluated with multidetector CT venography. Radiology. 255(2):570-7, 2010
                                    6. Kim J et al: The effect of surgical timing on functional outcomes of traumatic facial nerve paralysis. J Trauma. 68(4):924-9, 2010
                                    7. Nash JJ et al: Management and outcomes of facial paralysis from intratemporal blunt trauma: a systematic review. Laryngoscope. 120(7):1397-404, 2010
                                    8. Rotondo M et al: Post-traumatic peripheral facial nerve palsy: surgical and neuroradiological consideration in five cases of delayed onset. Acta Neurochir (Wien). Epub ahead of print, 2010
                                    9. Johnson F et al: Temporal bone fracture: evaluation and management in the modern era. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 41(3):597-618, x, 2008
                                    10. Yetiser S et al: Facial nerve problems and hearing loss in patients with temporal bone fractures: demographic data. J Trauma. 65(6):1314-20, 2008
                                    11. Little SC et al: Radiographic classification of temporal bone fractures: clinical predictability using a new system. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 132(12):1300-4, 2006
                                    12. Rafferty MA et al: A comparison of temporal bone fracture classification systems. Clin Otolaryngol. 31(4):287-91, 2006
                                    13. York G et al: Association of internal carotid artery injury with carotid canal fractures in patients with head trauma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 184(5):1672-8, 2005
                                    14. Ishman SL et al: Temporal bone fractures: traditional classification and clinical relevance. Laryngoscope. 114(10):1734-41, 2004
                                    15. Bergemalm PO: Progressive hearing loss after closed head injury: a predictable outcome? Acta Otolaryngol. 123(7):836-45, 2003
                                    16. Exadaktylos AK et al: The clinical correlation of temporal bone fractures and spiral computed tomographic scan: a prospective and consecutive study at a level I trauma center. J Trauma. 55(4):704-6, 2003
                                    17. Gross M et al: Cochlear involvement in a temporal bone fracture. Otol Neurotol. 24(6):958-9, 2003
                                    18. Gross M et al: Pneumolabyrinth: an unusual finding in a temporal bone fracture. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 67(5):553-5, 2003
                                    19. Sudhoff H et al: Temporal bone fracture and latent meningitis: temporal bone histopathology study of the month. Otol Neurotol. 24(3):521-2, 2003
                                    20. Lin TF et al: Isolated transverse transcochlear temporal bone fracture. Otol Neurotol. 23(4):615-6, 2002
                                    21. Singh S et al: Traumatic fracture of the stapes suprastructure following minor head injury. J Laryngol Otol. 116(6):457-9, 2002
                                    22. Darrouzet V et al: Management of facial paralysis resulting from temporal bone fractures: Our experience in 115 cases. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 125(1):77-84, 2001
                                    23. Jager L et al: CT and MR imaging of the normal and pathologic conditions of the facial nerve. Eur J Radiol. 40(2):133-46, 2001
                                    24. Swartz JD: Temporal bone trauma. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 22(3):219-28, 2001
                                    25. Cunningham CD 3rd et al: Neurotologic complications associated with deployment of airbags. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 123(5):637-9, 2000
                                    26. Dahiya R et al: Temporal bone fractures: otic capsule sparing versus otic capsule violating clinical and radiographic considerations. J Trauma. 47(6):1079-83, 1999
                                    27. Brodie HA et al: Management of complications from 820 temporal bone fractures. Am J Otol. 18(2):188-97, 1997
                                    Related Anatomy
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                                    Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                    References
                                    Tables

                                    Tables

                                    KEY FACTS

                                    • Terminology

                                      • Imaging

                                        • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                          • Diagnostic Checklist

                                            TERMINOLOGY

                                            • Synonyms

                                              • Temporal bone (T-bone) fracture

                                            • Definitions

                                              • Traumatic injury of temporal bone ± ossicle injury

                                            IMAGING

                                            • General Features

                                              • CT Findings

                                                • MR Findings

                                                  • Imaging Recommendations

                                                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                      PATHOLOGY

                                                      • General Features

                                                        CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                        • Presentation

                                                          • Demographics

                                                            • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                              • Treatment

                                                                DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                • Consider

                                                                  • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                    • Reporting Tips

                                                                      Selected References

                                                                      1. Choi HG et al: The Rates and Clinical Characteristics of Pneumolabyrinth in Temporal Bone Fracture. Otol Neurotol. 36(6):1048-53, 2015
                                                                      2. Kennedy TA et al: Imaging of temporal bone trauma. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 24(3):467-86, viii, 2014
                                                                      3. Sun GH et al: Do contemporary temporal bone fracture classification systems reflect concurrent intracranial and cervical spine injuries? Laryngoscope. 121(5):929-32, 2011
                                                                      4. Delgado Almandoz JE et al: Multidetector CT angiography in the evaluation of acute blunt head and neck trauma: a proposed acute craniocervical trauma scoring system. Radiology. 254(1):236-44, 2010
                                                                      5. Delgado Almandoz JE et al: Prevalence of traumatic dural venous sinus thrombosis in high-risk acute blunt head trauma patients evaluated with multidetector CT venography. Radiology. 255(2):570-7, 2010
                                                                      6. Kim J et al: The effect of surgical timing on functional outcomes of traumatic facial nerve paralysis. J Trauma. 68(4):924-9, 2010
                                                                      7. Nash JJ et al: Management and outcomes of facial paralysis from intratemporal blunt trauma: a systematic review. Laryngoscope. 120(7):1397-404, 2010
                                                                      8. Rotondo M et al: Post-traumatic peripheral facial nerve palsy: surgical and neuroradiological consideration in five cases of delayed onset. Acta Neurochir (Wien). Epub ahead of print, 2010
                                                                      9. Johnson F et al: Temporal bone fracture: evaluation and management in the modern era. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 41(3):597-618, x, 2008
                                                                      10. Yetiser S et al: Facial nerve problems and hearing loss in patients with temporal bone fractures: demographic data. J Trauma. 65(6):1314-20, 2008
                                                                      11. Little SC et al: Radiographic classification of temporal bone fractures: clinical predictability using a new system. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 132(12):1300-4, 2006
                                                                      12. Rafferty MA et al: A comparison of temporal bone fracture classification systems. Clin Otolaryngol. 31(4):287-91, 2006
                                                                      13. York G et al: Association of internal carotid artery injury with carotid canal fractures in patients with head trauma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 184(5):1672-8, 2005
                                                                      14. Ishman SL et al: Temporal bone fractures: traditional classification and clinical relevance. Laryngoscope. 114(10):1734-41, 2004
                                                                      15. Bergemalm PO: Progressive hearing loss after closed head injury: a predictable outcome? Acta Otolaryngol. 123(7):836-45, 2003
                                                                      16. Exadaktylos AK et al: The clinical correlation of temporal bone fractures and spiral computed tomographic scan: a prospective and consecutive study at a level I trauma center. J Trauma. 55(4):704-6, 2003
                                                                      17. Gross M et al: Cochlear involvement in a temporal bone fracture. Otol Neurotol. 24(6):958-9, 2003
                                                                      18. Gross M et al: Pneumolabyrinth: an unusual finding in a temporal bone fracture. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 67(5):553-5, 2003
                                                                      19. Sudhoff H et al: Temporal bone fracture and latent meningitis: temporal bone histopathology study of the month. Otol Neurotol. 24(3):521-2, 2003
                                                                      20. Lin TF et al: Isolated transverse transcochlear temporal bone fracture. Otol Neurotol. 23(4):615-6, 2002
                                                                      21. Singh S et al: Traumatic fracture of the stapes suprastructure following minor head injury. J Laryngol Otol. 116(6):457-9, 2002
                                                                      22. Darrouzet V et al: Management of facial paralysis resulting from temporal bone fractures: Our experience in 115 cases. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 125(1):77-84, 2001
                                                                      23. Jager L et al: CT and MR imaging of the normal and pathologic conditions of the facial nerve. Eur J Radiol. 40(2):133-46, 2001
                                                                      24. Swartz JD: Temporal bone trauma. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 22(3):219-28, 2001
                                                                      25. Cunningham CD 3rd et al: Neurotologic complications associated with deployment of airbags. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 123(5):637-9, 2000
                                                                      26. Dahiya R et al: Temporal bone fractures: otic capsule sparing versus otic capsule violating clinical and radiographic considerations. J Trauma. 47(6):1079-83, 1999
                                                                      27. Brodie HA et al: Management of complications from 820 temporal bone fractures. Am J Otol. 18(2):188-97, 1997