Hydromyelic spinal cord surrounded by expanded subarachnoid space herniated through dorsal lumbosacral osseous defect
Type of closed spinal dysraphism (with subcutaneous mass)
Can be called lipomyelocystocele if associated with thickened fatty dorsal mesoderm
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Kumar N et al: Patterns of spinal cord malformation in cloacal exstrophy. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 1-8, 2021
Lee JY et al: Terminal myelocystocele : pathoembryogenesis and clinical features. J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 63(3):321-6, 2020
Chaturvedi A et al: Caudal cell mass developmental aberrations: an imaging approach. Clin Imaging. 52:216-25, 2018
Nagaraj UD et al: Differentiating closed versus open spinal dysraphisms on fetal MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 207(6):1316-23, 2016
Muthukumar N: Terminal myelocystocele with holocord syringomyelia: Short report. J Pediatr Neurosci. 8(2):171-2, 2013
Barkovich AJ et al: Pediatric Neuroimaging. Sixth edition. Wolters Kluwer. 1007-8, 2019
Pang D et al: Terminal myelocystocele: surgical observations and theory of embryogenesis. Neurosurgery. 70(6):1383-404; discussion 1404-5, 2012
Tandon V et al: Terminal myelocystocele: a series of 30 cases and review of the literature. Pediatr Neurosurg. 48(4):229-35, 2012
Hashiguchi K et al: Holocord hydrosyringomyelia with terminal myelocystocele revealed by constructive interference in steady-state MR imaging. Pediatr Neurosurg. 44(6):509-12, 2008
Morioka T et al: Neurosurgical management of occult spinal dysraphism associated with OEIS complex. Childs Nerv Syst. 24(6):723-9, 2008
Gupta DK et al: Terminal myelocystoceles: a series of 17 cases. J Neurosurg. 103(4 Suppl):344-52, 2005
Tortori-Donati P et al: Pediatric Neuroradiology. Heidelburg, Germany. 1574-6, 2005
Rossi A et al: Imaging in spine and spinal cord malformations. Eur J Radiol. 50(2):177-200, 2004
Tortori-Donati P et al: Spinal dysraphism: a review of neuroradiological features with embryological correlations and proposal for a new classification. Neuroradiology. 42(7):471-91, 2000
Byrd SE et al: Imaging of terminal myelocystoceles. J Natl Med Assoc. 88(8):510-6, 1996
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
Terminal syringocele, lipomyelocystocele
Definitions
Hydromyelic spinal cord surrounded by expanded subarachnoid space herniated through dorsal lumbosacral osseous defect
Type of closed spinal dysraphism (with subcutaneous mass)
Can be called lipomyelocystocele if associated with thickened fatty dorsal mesoderm
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Kumar N et al: Patterns of spinal cord malformation in cloacal exstrophy. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 1-8, 2021
Lee JY et al: Terminal myelocystocele : pathoembryogenesis and clinical features. J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 63(3):321-6, 2020
Chaturvedi A et al: Caudal cell mass developmental aberrations: an imaging approach. Clin Imaging. 52:216-25, 2018
Nagaraj UD et al: Differentiating closed versus open spinal dysraphisms on fetal MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 207(6):1316-23, 2016
Muthukumar N: Terminal myelocystocele with holocord syringomyelia: Short report. J Pediatr Neurosci. 8(2):171-2, 2013
Barkovich AJ et al: Pediatric Neuroimaging. Sixth edition. Wolters Kluwer. 1007-8, 2019
Pang D et al: Terminal myelocystocele: surgical observations and theory of embryogenesis. Neurosurgery. 70(6):1383-404; discussion 1404-5, 2012
Tandon V et al: Terminal myelocystocele: a series of 30 cases and review of the literature. Pediatr Neurosurg. 48(4):229-35, 2012
Hashiguchi K et al: Holocord hydrosyringomyelia with terminal myelocystocele revealed by constructive interference in steady-state MR imaging. Pediatr Neurosurg. 44(6):509-12, 2008
Morioka T et al: Neurosurgical management of occult spinal dysraphism associated with OEIS complex. Childs Nerv Syst. 24(6):723-9, 2008
Gupta DK et al: Terminal myelocystoceles: a series of 17 cases. J Neurosurg. 103(4 Suppl):344-52, 2005
Tortori-Donati P et al: Pediatric Neuroradiology. Heidelburg, Germany. 1574-6, 2005
Rossi A et al: Imaging in spine and spinal cord malformations. Eur J Radiol. 50(2):177-200, 2004
Tortori-Donati P et al: Spinal dysraphism: a review of neuroradiological features with embryological correlations and proposal for a new classification. Neuroradiology. 42(7):471-91, 2000
Byrd SE et al: Imaging of terminal myelocystoceles. J Natl Med Assoc. 88(8):510-6, 1996
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