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Ultrasound
Diagnosis
Scrotum
Testicular Microlithiasis
Testicular Microlithiasis
Shweta Bhatt, MD; Akshya Gupta, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            TERMINOLOGY

            • Definitions

              • Testicular microlithiasis (TML): Presence of ≥ 5 microliths or microcalcifications in whole testis, or ≥ 5 microliths per FOV

            IMAGING

            • General Features

              • Ultrasonographic Findings

                • Imaging Recommendations

                  DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                    PATHOLOGY

                    • General Features

                      CLINICAL ISSUES

                      • Presentation

                        • Demographics

                          • Natural History & Prognosis

                            • Treatment

                              Selected References

                              1. Selvi I et al: Is testicular microlithiasis a really innocent condition? Its effects on oncological outcomes of germ cell testicular cancer: an observational study. Arch Esp Urol. 73(3):215-29, 2020
                              2. Trout AT et al: Association between testicular microlithiasis and testicular neoplasia: large multicenter study in a pediatric population. Radiology. 285(2):576-83, 2017
                              3. Richenberg J et al: Testicular microlithiasis imaging and follow-up: guidelines of the ESUR scrotal imaging subcommittee. Eur Radiol. 25(2):323-30, 2015
                              4. Cooper ML et al: Testicular microlithiasis in children and associated testicular cancer. Radiology. 270(3):857-63, 2014
                              5. Chiang LW et al: Implications of incidental finding of testicular microlithiasis in paediatric patients. J Pediatr Urol. 8(2):162-5, 2012
                              6. Richenberg J et al: Testicular microlithiasis: is there a need for surveillance in the absence of other risk factors? Eur Radiol. 22(11):2540-6, 2012
                              7. Silveri M et al: Management and follow-up of pediatric asymptomatic testicular microlithiasis: are we doing it well? Urol J. 8(4):287-90, 2011
                              8. Tan IB et al: Testicular microlithiasis predicts concurrent testicular germ cell tumors and intratubular germ cell neoplasia of unclassified type in adults: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Cancer. 116(19):4520-32, 2010
                              9. Dagash H et al: Testicular microlithiasis: what does it mean clinically? BJU Int. 99(1):157-60, 2007
                              10. Lam DL et al: Testicular microlithiasis: our experience of 10 years. J Ultrasound Med. 26(7):867-73, 2007
                              11. Miller FN et al: Testicular calcification and microlithiasis: association with primary intra-testicular malignancy in 3,477 patients. Eur Radiol. 17(2):363-9, 2007
                              12. Parenti GC et al: Association between testicular microlithiasis and primary malignancy of the testis: our experience and review of the literature. Radiol Med. 112(4):588-96, 2007
                              13. Kocaoglu M et al: Testicular microlithiasis in pediatric age group: ultrasonography findings and literature review. Diagn Interv Radiol. 11(1):60-5, 2005
                              Related Anatomy
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                              Related Differential Diagnoses
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                              References
                              Tables

                              Tables

                              KEY FACTS

                              • Terminology

                                • Imaging

                                  • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                    • Pathology

                                      • Clinical Issues

                                        TERMINOLOGY

                                        • Definitions

                                          • Testicular microlithiasis (TML): Presence of ≥ 5 microliths or microcalcifications in whole testis, or ≥ 5 microliths per FOV

                                        IMAGING

                                        • General Features

                                          • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                            • Imaging Recommendations

                                              DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                PATHOLOGY

                                                • General Features

                                                  CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                  • Presentation

                                                    • Demographics

                                                      • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                        • Treatment

                                                          Selected References

                                                          1. Selvi I et al: Is testicular microlithiasis a really innocent condition? Its effects on oncological outcomes of germ cell testicular cancer: an observational study. Arch Esp Urol. 73(3):215-29, 2020
                                                          2. Trout AT et al: Association between testicular microlithiasis and testicular neoplasia: large multicenter study in a pediatric population. Radiology. 285(2):576-83, 2017
                                                          3. Richenberg J et al: Testicular microlithiasis imaging and follow-up: guidelines of the ESUR scrotal imaging subcommittee. Eur Radiol. 25(2):323-30, 2015
                                                          4. Cooper ML et al: Testicular microlithiasis in children and associated testicular cancer. Radiology. 270(3):857-63, 2014
                                                          5. Chiang LW et al: Implications of incidental finding of testicular microlithiasis in paediatric patients. J Pediatr Urol. 8(2):162-5, 2012
                                                          6. Richenberg J et al: Testicular microlithiasis: is there a need for surveillance in the absence of other risk factors? Eur Radiol. 22(11):2540-6, 2012
                                                          7. Silveri M et al: Management and follow-up of pediatric asymptomatic testicular microlithiasis: are we doing it well? Urol J. 8(4):287-90, 2011
                                                          8. Tan IB et al: Testicular microlithiasis predicts concurrent testicular germ cell tumors and intratubular germ cell neoplasia of unclassified type in adults: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Cancer. 116(19):4520-32, 2010
                                                          9. Dagash H et al: Testicular microlithiasis: what does it mean clinically? BJU Int. 99(1):157-60, 2007
                                                          10. Lam DL et al: Testicular microlithiasis: our experience of 10 years. J Ultrasound Med. 26(7):867-73, 2007
                                                          11. Miller FN et al: Testicular calcification and microlithiasis: association with primary intra-testicular malignancy in 3,477 patients. Eur Radiol. 17(2):363-9, 2007
                                                          12. Parenti GC et al: Association between testicular microlithiasis and primary malignancy of the testis: our experience and review of the literature. Radiol Med. 112(4):588-96, 2007
                                                          13. Kocaoglu M et al: Testicular microlithiasis in pediatric age group: ultrasonography findings and literature review. Diagn Interv Radiol. 11(1):60-5, 2005