Lower extremity fracture or stress fracture in young children, usually as they begin walking
May or may not be known injury event
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Reporting Tips
Selected References
Payares-Lizano M: The limping child. Pediatr Clin North Am. 67(1):119-38, 2020
Adamich JS et al: Do toddler's fractures of the tibia require evaluation and management by an orthopaedic surgeon routinely? Eur J Emerg Med. 25(6):423-8, 2018
Bartoloni A et al: Imaging of the limping child. Eur J Radiol. 109:155-70, 2018
Seguin J et al: Nationwide survey on current management strategies of toddler's fractures. CJEM. 20(5):739-45, 2018
Schuh AM et al: Management of toddler's fractures in the pediatric emergency department. Pediatr Emerg Care. 32(7):452-4, 2016
Milla SS et al: ACR Appropriateness Criteria® limping child--ages 0 to 5 years. J Am Coll Radiol. 9(8):545-53, 2012
Sanchez TR et al: MR imaging of pediatric trauma. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 17(3):439-50, v, 2009
Jadhav SP et al: Commonly missed subtle skeletal injuries in children: a pictorial review. Emerg Radiol. 15(6):391-8, 2008
Dubowitz H et al: Physical abuse and neglect of children. Lancet. 369(9576):1891-9, 2007
Swischuk LE: Pain over the anterior tibia. Pediatr Emerg Care. 23(7):518-20, 2007
Niemeyer P et al: Stress fractures in the juvenile skeletal system. Int J Sports Med. 27(3):242-9, 2006
Mashru RP et al: Tibial shaft fractures in children and adolescents. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 13(5):345-52, 2005
Swischuk LE et al: Frequently missed fractures in children (value of comparative views). Emerg Radiol. 11(1):22-8, 2004
Donnelly LF: Toddler's fracture of the fibula. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 175(3):922, 2000
John SD et al: Expanding the concept of the toddler's fracture. Radiographics. 17(2):367-76, 1997
Kowal-Vern A et al: Fractures in the under-3-year-old age cohort. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 31(11):653-9, 1992
Related Anatomy
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
Lower extremity fracture or stress fracture in young children, usually as they begin walking
May or may not be known injury event
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Reporting Tips
Selected References
Payares-Lizano M: The limping child. Pediatr Clin North Am. 67(1):119-38, 2020
Adamich JS et al: Do toddler's fractures of the tibia require evaluation and management by an orthopaedic surgeon routinely? Eur J Emerg Med. 25(6):423-8, 2018
Bartoloni A et al: Imaging of the limping child. Eur J Radiol. 109:155-70, 2018
Seguin J et al: Nationwide survey on current management strategies of toddler's fractures. CJEM. 20(5):739-45, 2018
Schuh AM et al: Management of toddler's fractures in the pediatric emergency department. Pediatr Emerg Care. 32(7):452-4, 2016
Milla SS et al: ACR Appropriateness Criteria® limping child--ages 0 to 5 years. J Am Coll Radiol. 9(8):545-53, 2012
Sanchez TR et al: MR imaging of pediatric trauma. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 17(3):439-50, v, 2009
Jadhav SP et al: Commonly missed subtle skeletal injuries in children: a pictorial review. Emerg Radiol. 15(6):391-8, 2008
Dubowitz H et al: Physical abuse and neglect of children. Lancet. 369(9576):1891-9, 2007
Swischuk LE: Pain over the anterior tibia. Pediatr Emerg Care. 23(7):518-20, 2007
Niemeyer P et al: Stress fractures in the juvenile skeletal system. Int J Sports Med. 27(3):242-9, 2006
Mashru RP et al: Tibial shaft fractures in children and adolescents. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 13(5):345-52, 2005
Swischuk LE et al: Frequently missed fractures in children (value of comparative views). Emerg Radiol. 11(1):22-8, 2004
Donnelly LF: Toddler's fracture of the fibula. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 175(3):922, 2000
John SD et al: Expanding the concept of the toddler's fracture. Radiographics. 17(2):367-76, 1997
Kowal-Vern A et al: Fractures in the under-3-year-old age cohort. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 31(11):653-9, 1992
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