link
Bookmarks
Gastrointestinal
Diagnosis
Colon
Inflammation and Ischemia
Toxic Megacolon
Toxic Megacolon
Atif Zaheer, MD; Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR
To access 4,300 diagnoses written by the world's leading experts in radiology.Try it free - 15 days
0
10
1
3

KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            • Diagnostic Checklist

              TERMINOLOGY

              • Definitions

                • Acute transmural fulminant colitis with neuromuscular degeneration and colonic dilation

              IMAGING

              • General Features

                • Radiographic Findings

                  • CT Findings

                    • Imaging Recommendations

                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                        PATHOLOGY

                        • General Features

                          • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                            CLINICAL ISSUES

                            • Presentation

                              • Demographics

                                • Natural History & Prognosis

                                  • Treatment

                                    DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                    • Consider

                                      • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                        Selected References

                                        1. Skomorochow E et al: Toxic megacolon. StatPearls, 2021
                                        2. Eghbali E et al: CT features of toxic megacolon: a systematic review. Radiography (Lond). 27(2):716-20, 2020
                                        3. Doshi R et al: Incidence, features, in-hospital outcomes and predictors of in-hospital mortality associated with toxic megacolon hospitalizations in the United States. Intern Emerg Med. 13(6):881-7, 2018
                                        4. Ong SCL et al: Imaging features of toxic megacolon. BMJ Case Rep. 2018, 2018
                                        5. Jethwa KD et al: The importance of the abdominal X-radiograph in acute ulcerative colitis. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 99(5):188, 200, 2014
                                        6. Kazanowski M et al: Clostridium difficile: epidemiology, diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities-a systematic review. Tech Coloproctol. 18(3):223-32, 2014
                                        7. Miniello S et al: Toxic megacolon in ulcerative rectocolitis. Current trends in clinical evaluation, diagnosis and treatment. Ann Ital Chir. 85(1):45-9, 2014
                                        8. Narabayashi K et al: Oral tacrolimus for megacolon in patients with severe ulcerative colitis. Intern Med. 53(16):1755-8, 2014
                                        9. Yu S et al: Fecal transplant for treatment of toxic megacolon associated with clostridium difficile colitis in a patient with duchenne muscular dystrophy. Am J Ther. 23(2):e609-13, 2014
                                        10. Seltman AK: Surgical management of clostridium difficile colitis. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 25(4):204-9, 2012
                                        11. Ambrosini R et al: Inflammatory chronic disease of the colon: how to image. Eur J Radiol. 61(3):442-8, 2007
                                        12. Saunders MD: Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 17(2):341-60, vi-vii, 2007
                                        13. Gan SI et al: A new look at toxic megacolon: an update and review of incidence, etiology, pathogenesis, and management. Am J Gastroenterol. 98(11):2363-71, 2003
                                        14. Latella G et al: GI distension in severe ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 97(5):1169-75, 2002
                                        Related Anatomy
                                        Loading...
                                        Related Differential Diagnoses
                                        Loading...
                                        References
                                        Tables

                                        Tables

                                        KEY FACTS

                                        • Terminology

                                          • Imaging

                                            • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                              • Pathology

                                                • Clinical Issues

                                                  • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                    TERMINOLOGY

                                                    • Definitions

                                                      • Acute transmural fulminant colitis with neuromuscular degeneration and colonic dilation

                                                    IMAGING

                                                    • General Features

                                                      • Radiographic Findings

                                                        • CT Findings

                                                          • Imaging Recommendations

                                                            DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                              PATHOLOGY

                                                              • General Features

                                                                • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                  CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                  • Presentation

                                                                    • Demographics

                                                                      • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                        • Treatment

                                                                          DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                          • Consider

                                                                            • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                              Selected References

                                                                              1. Skomorochow E et al: Toxic megacolon. StatPearls, 2021
                                                                              2. Eghbali E et al: CT features of toxic megacolon: a systematic review. Radiography (Lond). 27(2):716-20, 2020
                                                                              3. Doshi R et al: Incidence, features, in-hospital outcomes and predictors of in-hospital mortality associated with toxic megacolon hospitalizations in the United States. Intern Emerg Med. 13(6):881-7, 2018
                                                                              4. Ong SCL et al: Imaging features of toxic megacolon. BMJ Case Rep. 2018, 2018
                                                                              5. Jethwa KD et al: The importance of the abdominal X-radiograph in acute ulcerative colitis. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 99(5):188, 200, 2014
                                                                              6. Kazanowski M et al: Clostridium difficile: epidemiology, diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities-a systematic review. Tech Coloproctol. 18(3):223-32, 2014
                                                                              7. Miniello S et al: Toxic megacolon in ulcerative rectocolitis. Current trends in clinical evaluation, diagnosis and treatment. Ann Ital Chir. 85(1):45-9, 2014
                                                                              8. Narabayashi K et al: Oral tacrolimus for megacolon in patients with severe ulcerative colitis. Intern Med. 53(16):1755-8, 2014
                                                                              9. Yu S et al: Fecal transplant for treatment of toxic megacolon associated with clostridium difficile colitis in a patient with duchenne muscular dystrophy. Am J Ther. 23(2):e609-13, 2014
                                                                              10. Seltman AK: Surgical management of clostridium difficile colitis. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 25(4):204-9, 2012
                                                                              11. Ambrosini R et al: Inflammatory chronic disease of the colon: how to image. Eur J Radiol. 61(3):442-8, 2007
                                                                              12. Saunders MD: Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 17(2):341-60, vi-vii, 2007
                                                                              13. Gan SI et al: A new look at toxic megacolon: an update and review of incidence, etiology, pathogenesis, and management. Am J Gastroenterol. 98(11):2363-71, 2003
                                                                              14. Latella G et al: GI distension in severe ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 97(5):1169-75, 2002