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Obstetrics
Diagnosis
Infection
Toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasmosis
Janice L. B. Byrne, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            TERMINOLOGY

            • Abbreviations

              • Toxoplasmosis (toxo) is T in TORCH infections

            • Definitions

              • Transplacental infection with protozoan Toxoplasma gondii

            IMAGING

            • Ultrasonographic Findings

              • Imaging Recommendations

                DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                  PATHOLOGY

                  • General Features

                    CLINICAL ISSUES

                    • Presentation

                      • Demographics

                        • Natural History & Prognosis

                          • Treatment

                            Selected References

                            1. Aguirre AA et al: The one health approach to toxoplasmosis: epidemiology, control, and prevention strategies. Ecohealth. 16(2):378-90, 2019
                            2. Binquet C et al: The cost-effectiveness of neonatal versus prenatal screening for congenital toxoplasmosis. PLoS One. 14(9):e0221709, 2019
                            3. Dunay IR et al: Treatment of toxoplasmosis: historical perspective, animal models, and current clinical practice. Clin Microbiol Rev. 31(4), 2018
                            4. Khan K et al: Congenital toxoplasmosis: an overview of the neurological and ocular manifestations. Parasitol Int. 67(6):715-21, 2018
                            5. Mandelbrot L et al: Prenatal therapy with pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine vs spiramycin to reduce placental transmission of toxoplasmosis: a multicenter, randomized trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 219(4):386.e1-9, 2018
                            6. Paquet C et al: No. 285-toxoplasmosis in pregnancy: prevention, screening, and treatment. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 40(8):e687-93, 2018
                            7. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: practice bulletin no. 151: cytomegalovirus, parvovirus B19, varicella zoster, and toxoplasmosis in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 125(6):1510-25, 2015
                            8. Avci ME et al: Role of spiramycin in prevention of fetal toxoplasmosis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 1-4, 2015
                            9. Dhakal R et al: Significance of a positive toxoplasma immunoglobulin M test result in the United States. J Clin Microbiol. 53(11):3601-5, 2015
                            10. Al-Hamod D et al: Delayed onset of severe neonatal toxoplasmosis. J Perinatol. 30(3):231-2, 2010
                            11. Azevedo KM et al: Congenital toxoplasmosis transmitted by human immunodeficiency-virus infected women. Braz J Infect Dis. 14(2):186-9, 2010
                            12. Berrébi A et al: Long-term outcome of children with congenital toxoplasmosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 203(6):552, 2010
                            13. Elmore SA et al: Toxoplasma gondii: epidemiology, feline clinical aspects, and prevention. Trends Parasitol. 26(4):190-6, 2010
                            14. Villena I et al: Congenital toxoplasmosis in France in 2007: first results from a national surveillance system. Euro Surveill. 15(25), 2010
                            Related Anatomy
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                            Related Differential Diagnoses
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                            References
                            Tables

                            Tables

                            KEY FACTS

                            • Terminology

                              • Imaging

                                • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                  • Pathology

                                    • Clinical Issues

                                      TERMINOLOGY

                                      • Abbreviations

                                        • Toxoplasmosis (toxo) is T in TORCH infections

                                      • Definitions

                                        • Transplacental infection with protozoan Toxoplasma gondii

                                      IMAGING

                                      • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                        • Imaging Recommendations

                                          DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                            PATHOLOGY

                                            • General Features

                                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                                              • Presentation

                                                • Demographics

                                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                    • Treatment

                                                      Selected References

                                                      1. Aguirre AA et al: The one health approach to toxoplasmosis: epidemiology, control, and prevention strategies. Ecohealth. 16(2):378-90, 2019
                                                      2. Binquet C et al: The cost-effectiveness of neonatal versus prenatal screening for congenital toxoplasmosis. PLoS One. 14(9):e0221709, 2019
                                                      3. Dunay IR et al: Treatment of toxoplasmosis: historical perspective, animal models, and current clinical practice. Clin Microbiol Rev. 31(4), 2018
                                                      4. Khan K et al: Congenital toxoplasmosis: an overview of the neurological and ocular manifestations. Parasitol Int. 67(6):715-21, 2018
                                                      5. Mandelbrot L et al: Prenatal therapy with pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine vs spiramycin to reduce placental transmission of toxoplasmosis: a multicenter, randomized trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 219(4):386.e1-9, 2018
                                                      6. Paquet C et al: No. 285-toxoplasmosis in pregnancy: prevention, screening, and treatment. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 40(8):e687-93, 2018
                                                      7. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: practice bulletin no. 151: cytomegalovirus, parvovirus B19, varicella zoster, and toxoplasmosis in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 125(6):1510-25, 2015
                                                      8. Avci ME et al: Role of spiramycin in prevention of fetal toxoplasmosis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 1-4, 2015
                                                      9. Dhakal R et al: Significance of a positive toxoplasma immunoglobulin M test result in the United States. J Clin Microbiol. 53(11):3601-5, 2015
                                                      10. Al-Hamod D et al: Delayed onset of severe neonatal toxoplasmosis. J Perinatol. 30(3):231-2, 2010
                                                      11. Azevedo KM et al: Congenital toxoplasmosis transmitted by human immunodeficiency-virus infected women. Braz J Infect Dis. 14(2):186-9, 2010
                                                      12. Berrébi A et al: Long-term outcome of children with congenital toxoplasmosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 203(6):552, 2010
                                                      13. Elmore SA et al: Toxoplasma gondii: epidemiology, feline clinical aspects, and prevention. Trends Parasitol. 26(4):190-6, 2010
                                                      14. Villena I et al: Congenital toxoplasmosis in France in 2007: first results from a national surveillance system. Euro Surveill. 15(25), 2010