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Transcondylar (Supracondylar) Fracture, Elbow
Kirkland W. Davis, MD, FACRAndrew Sonin, MD, FACR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            • Diagnostic Checklist

              TERMINOLOGY

              • Synonyms

                • Supracondylar fracture of childhood
                  • Most are actually transcondylar
                • Gartland fracture
              • Definitions

                • Fracture of distal humerus extending across both medial and lateral condyles
                • Orientation: transverse
                • Does not involve articular surface of humerus
                • Intracapsular
                • Mechanism: extension force on outstretched arm (FOOSH)

              IMAGING

              • General Features

                • Radiographic Findings

                  • CT Findings

                    • MR Findings

                      • Imaging Recommendations

                        DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                          PATHOLOGY

                          • General Features

                            • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                              • Presentation

                                • Demographics

                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                    • Treatment

                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                      • Consider

                                        • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                          • Reporting Tips

                                            Selected References

                                            1. Mansor Y et al: Is a radiograph needed one week after internal fixation of a supracondylar humeral fracture? J Pediatr Orthop B. 28(6):536-41, 2019
                                            2. Kim HH et al: Pediatric elbow injuries. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 39(4):384-96, 2018
                                            3. Zorrilla S de Neira J et al: Supracondylar humeral fractures in children: current concepts for management and prognosis. Int Orthop. 39(11):2287-96, 2015
                                            4. Guven MF et al: Results of displaced supracondylar humerus fractures treated with open reduction and internal fixation after a mean 22.4 years of follow-up. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 24(4):640-6, 2015
                                            5. Kang S et al: The prognostic value of the fracture level in the treatment of Gartland type III supracondylar humeral fracture in children. Bone Joint J. 97-B(1):134-40, 2015
                                            6. Vallila N et al: Pediatric distal humeral fractures and complications of treatment in Finland: a review of compensation claims from 1990 through 2010. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 97(6):494-9, 2015
                                            7. Abbott MD et al: Gartland type III supracondylar humerus fractures: outcome and complications as related to operative timing and pin configuration. J Child Orthop. 8(6):473-7, 2014
                                            8. Isa AD et al: Functional outcome of supracondylar elbow fractures in children: a 3- to 5-year follow-up. Can J Surg. 57(4):241-6, 2014
                                            9. Abzug JM et al: Management of supracondylar humerus fractures in children: current concepts. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 20(2):69-77, 2012
                                            10. Mulpuri K et al: The treatment of displaced supracondylar humerus fractures: evidence-based guideline. J Pediatr Orthop. 32 Suppl 2:S143-52, 2012
                                            11. Mallo G et al: Use of the Gartland classification system for treatment of pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures. Orthopedics. 33(1):19, 2010
                                            12. Herman MJ et al: Relationship of the anterior humeral line to the capitellar ossific nucleus: variability with age. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 91(9):2188-93, 2009
                                            13. Mangat KS et al: The 'pulseless pink' hand after supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children: the predictive value of nerve palsy. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 91(11):1521-5, 2009
                                            14. Omid R et al: Supracondylar humeral fractures in children. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 90(5):1121-32, 2008
                                            15. Shrader MW: Pediatric supracondylar fractures and pediatric physeal elbow fractures. Orthop Clin North Am. 39(2):163-71, v, 2008
                                            16. Baratz M et al: Pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures. Hand Clin. 22(1):69-75, 2006
                                            17. Hausman M et al: Treatment of distal humerus fractures in the elderly. Clin Orthop Relat Res. (425):55-63, 2004
                                            18. O'Driscoll SW: Supracondylar fractures of the elbow: open reduction, internal fixation. Hand Clin. 20(4):465-74, 2004
                                            19. Perry CR et al: Transcondylar fractures of the distal humerus. J Orthop Trauma. 3(2):98-106, 1989
                                            20. Jones D: Transcondylar fractures of the humerus in children: definition of an acceptable reduction. Proc R Soc Med. 70(9):624-31, 1977
                                            21. Knight RA: Fractures of the humeral condyles in adults. South Med J. 48(11):1165-73, 1955
                                            Related Anatomy
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                                            Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                            References
                                            Tables

                                            Tables

                                            KEY FACTS

                                            • Terminology

                                              • Imaging

                                                • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                  • Pathology

                                                    • Clinical Issues

                                                      • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                        TERMINOLOGY

                                                        • Synonyms

                                                          • Supracondylar fracture of childhood
                                                            • Most are actually transcondylar
                                                          • Gartland fracture
                                                        • Definitions

                                                          • Fracture of distal humerus extending across both medial and lateral condyles
                                                          • Orientation: transverse
                                                          • Does not involve articular surface of humerus
                                                          • Intracapsular
                                                          • Mechanism: extension force on outstretched arm (FOOSH)

                                                        IMAGING

                                                        • General Features

                                                          • Radiographic Findings

                                                            • CT Findings

                                                              • MR Findings

                                                                • Imaging Recommendations

                                                                  DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                    PATHOLOGY

                                                                    • General Features

                                                                      • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                        CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                        • Presentation

                                                                          • Demographics

                                                                            • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                              • Treatment

                                                                                DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                                • Consider

                                                                                  • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                    • Reporting Tips

                                                                                      Selected References

                                                                                      1. Mansor Y et al: Is a radiograph needed one week after internal fixation of a supracondylar humeral fracture? J Pediatr Orthop B. 28(6):536-41, 2019
                                                                                      2. Kim HH et al: Pediatric elbow injuries. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 39(4):384-96, 2018
                                                                                      3. Zorrilla S de Neira J et al: Supracondylar humeral fractures in children: current concepts for management and prognosis. Int Orthop. 39(11):2287-96, 2015
                                                                                      4. Guven MF et al: Results of displaced supracondylar humerus fractures treated with open reduction and internal fixation after a mean 22.4 years of follow-up. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 24(4):640-6, 2015
                                                                                      5. Kang S et al: The prognostic value of the fracture level in the treatment of Gartland type III supracondylar humeral fracture in children. Bone Joint J. 97-B(1):134-40, 2015
                                                                                      6. Vallila N et al: Pediatric distal humeral fractures and complications of treatment in Finland: a review of compensation claims from 1990 through 2010. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 97(6):494-9, 2015
                                                                                      7. Abbott MD et al: Gartland type III supracondylar humerus fractures: outcome and complications as related to operative timing and pin configuration. J Child Orthop. 8(6):473-7, 2014
                                                                                      8. Isa AD et al: Functional outcome of supracondylar elbow fractures in children: a 3- to 5-year follow-up. Can J Surg. 57(4):241-6, 2014
                                                                                      9. Abzug JM et al: Management of supracondylar humerus fractures in children: current concepts. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 20(2):69-77, 2012
                                                                                      10. Mulpuri K et al: The treatment of displaced supracondylar humerus fractures: evidence-based guideline. J Pediatr Orthop. 32 Suppl 2:S143-52, 2012
                                                                                      11. Mallo G et al: Use of the Gartland classification system for treatment of pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures. Orthopedics. 33(1):19, 2010
                                                                                      12. Herman MJ et al: Relationship of the anterior humeral line to the capitellar ossific nucleus: variability with age. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 91(9):2188-93, 2009
                                                                                      13. Mangat KS et al: The 'pulseless pink' hand after supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children: the predictive value of nerve palsy. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 91(11):1521-5, 2009
                                                                                      14. Omid R et al: Supracondylar humeral fractures in children. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 90(5):1121-32, 2008
                                                                                      15. Shrader MW: Pediatric supracondylar fractures and pediatric physeal elbow fractures. Orthop Clin North Am. 39(2):163-71, v, 2008
                                                                                      16. Baratz M et al: Pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures. Hand Clin. 22(1):69-75, 2006
                                                                                      17. Hausman M et al: Treatment of distal humerus fractures in the elderly. Clin Orthop Relat Res. (425):55-63, 2004
                                                                                      18. O'Driscoll SW: Supracondylar fractures of the elbow: open reduction, internal fixation. Hand Clin. 20(4):465-74, 2004
                                                                                      19. Perry CR et al: Transcondylar fractures of the distal humerus. J Orthop Trauma. 3(2):98-106, 1989
                                                                                      20. Jones D: Transcondylar fractures of the humerus in children: definition of an acceptable reduction. Proc R Soc Med. 70(9):624-31, 1977
                                                                                      21. Knight RA: Fractures of the humeral condyles in adults. South Med J. 48(11):1165-73, 1955