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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Tuberculosis (TB)
Definitions
- Infection by acid-fast bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- CNS TB almost always secondary to hematogenous spread (often pulmonary, rarely GI or GU tract)
- Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) & parenchymal infection: Tuberculoma (common), TB abscess (rare)
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Ghosh RN et al: Perfusion magnetic resonance imaging in differentiation of neurocysticercosis and tuberculoma. Neuroradiology. 61(3):257-63, 2019
- Schaller MA et al: Central nervous system tuberculosis: etiology, clinical manifestations and neuroradiological Features. Clin Neuroradiol. 29(1):3-18, 2019
- Jaganmohan D et al: Neurotuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in the setting of HIV infection: a case report and review of literature. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 26(4):446-50, 2016
- Chamie G et al: HIV-associated central nervous system tuberculosis. Semin Neurol. 34(1):103-15, 2014
- Garcia-Monco JC: Tuberculosis. Handb Clin Neurol. 121:1485-99, 2014
- Guleria R et al: Central nervous system tuberculosis. Indian J Tuberc. 61(3):195-9, 2014
- Torres C et al: Central nervous system tuberculosis. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 23(3):173-89, 2014
- Wasay M et al: Cerebral infarction and tuberculoma in central nervous system tuberculosis: frequency and prognostic implications. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 85(11):1260-4, 2014
- DeLance AR et al: Tuberculoma of the central nervous system. J Clin Neurosci. 20(10):1333-41, 2013
- Chin JH et al: Central nervous system tuberculosis: challenges and advances in diagnosis and treatment. Curr Infect Dis Rep. ePub, 2013
- Maclean KA et al: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: imaging features beyond the chest. Can Assoc Radiol J. 64(4):319-24, 2013
- Ramzan A et al: Childhood tubercular meningitis: an institutional experience and analysis of predictors of outcome. Pediatr Neurol. 48(1):30-5, 2013
- Sankhe S et al: Perfusion magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of intracerebral tuberculomas and its role in differentiating tuberculomas from metastases. Acta Radiol. 54(3):307-12, 2013
- Sáenz B et al: The dual face of central nervous system tuberculosis: a new Janus Bifrons? Tuberculosis (Edinb). 93(2):130-5, 2013
- Thwaites GE: Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculous meningitis. Curr Opin Neurol. 26(3):295-300, 2013
- Thwaites GE et al: Tuberculous meningitis: more questions, still too few answers. Lancet Neurol. 12(10):999-1010, 2013
- Patkar D et al: Central nervous system tuberculosis: pathophysiology and imaging findings. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 22(4):677-705, 2012
- Wu XR et al: Pediatric tuberculosis at Beijing Children's Hospital: 2002-2010. Pediatrics. 130(6):e1433-40, 2012
- Be NA et al: Pathogenesis of central nervous system tuberculosis. Curr Mol Med. 9(2):94-9, 2009
- Peng J et al: Differentiation of intracranial tuberculomas and high grade gliomas using proton MR spectroscopy and diffusion MR imaging. Eur J Radiol. 81(12):4057-63, 2012
- Mohan S et al: Lipid resonance on in vivo proton MR spectroscopy: value of other metabolites in differential diagnosis. Neuroradiol J. 23(3):269-78, 2010
- Gupta RK et al: Central nervous system tuberculosis. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2011 Nov;21(4):795-814, vii-viii. Epub 2011 Sep 23. Review. Am. 21(4):795-814, vii-viii, 2011
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Tuberculosis (TB)
Definitions
- Infection by acid-fast bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- CNS TB almost always secondary to hematogenous spread (often pulmonary, rarely GI or GU tract)
- Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) & parenchymal infection: Tuberculoma (common), TB abscess (rare)
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Ghosh RN et al: Perfusion magnetic resonance imaging in differentiation of neurocysticercosis and tuberculoma. Neuroradiology. 61(3):257-63, 2019
- Schaller MA et al: Central nervous system tuberculosis: etiology, clinical manifestations and neuroradiological Features. Clin Neuroradiol. 29(1):3-18, 2019
- Jaganmohan D et al: Neurotuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in the setting of HIV infection: a case report and review of literature. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 26(4):446-50, 2016
- Chamie G et al: HIV-associated central nervous system tuberculosis. Semin Neurol. 34(1):103-15, 2014
- Garcia-Monco JC: Tuberculosis. Handb Clin Neurol. 121:1485-99, 2014
- Guleria R et al: Central nervous system tuberculosis. Indian J Tuberc. 61(3):195-9, 2014
- Torres C et al: Central nervous system tuberculosis. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 23(3):173-89, 2014
- Wasay M et al: Cerebral infarction and tuberculoma in central nervous system tuberculosis: frequency and prognostic implications. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 85(11):1260-4, 2014
- DeLance AR et al: Tuberculoma of the central nervous system. J Clin Neurosci. 20(10):1333-41, 2013
- Chin JH et al: Central nervous system tuberculosis: challenges and advances in diagnosis and treatment. Curr Infect Dis Rep. ePub, 2013
- Maclean KA et al: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: imaging features beyond the chest. Can Assoc Radiol J. 64(4):319-24, 2013
- Ramzan A et al: Childhood tubercular meningitis: an institutional experience and analysis of predictors of outcome. Pediatr Neurol. 48(1):30-5, 2013
- Sankhe S et al: Perfusion magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of intracerebral tuberculomas and its role in differentiating tuberculomas from metastases. Acta Radiol. 54(3):307-12, 2013
- Sáenz B et al: The dual face of central nervous system tuberculosis: a new Janus Bifrons? Tuberculosis (Edinb). 93(2):130-5, 2013
- Thwaites GE: Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculous meningitis. Curr Opin Neurol. 26(3):295-300, 2013
- Thwaites GE et al: Tuberculous meningitis: more questions, still too few answers. Lancet Neurol. 12(10):999-1010, 2013
- Patkar D et al: Central nervous system tuberculosis: pathophysiology and imaging findings. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 22(4):677-705, 2012
- Wu XR et al: Pediatric tuberculosis at Beijing Children's Hospital: 2002-2010. Pediatrics. 130(6):e1433-40, 2012
- Be NA et al: Pathogenesis of central nervous system tuberculosis. Curr Mol Med. 9(2):94-9, 2009
- Peng J et al: Differentiation of intracranial tuberculomas and high grade gliomas using proton MR spectroscopy and diffusion MR imaging. Eur J Radiol. 81(12):4057-63, 2012
- Mohan S et al: Lipid resonance on in vivo proton MR spectroscopy: value of other metabolites in differential diagnosis. Neuroradiol J. 23(3):269-78, 2010
- Gupta RK et al: Central nervous system tuberculosis. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2011 Nov;21(4):795-814, vii-viii. Epub 2011 Sep 23. Review. Am. 21(4):795-814, vii-viii, 2011
