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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Patent urachus, urachal fistula, urachal remnant, urachal cyst, urachal sinus, urachal diverticulum
Definitions
- Partial or complete persistence of connection between bladder dome & umbilicus; remnant of fetal allantoic stalk
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Fluoroscopic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
Selected References
- Keçeli AM et al: Are urachal remnants really rare in children? An observational study. Eur J Pediatr. 180(6):1987-90, 2021
- Das JP et al: The urachus revisited: multimodal imaging of benign & malignant urachal pathology. Br J Radiol. 93(1110):20190118, 2020
- Kabba MS et al: Gossypiboma with perforation of the umbilicus mimicking a complicated urachal cyst: a case report. BMC Surg. 20(1):242, 2020
- Tsai IS et al: An infected urachal cyst presenting as acute abdominal pain in a child: a case report. Medicine (Baltimore). 99(5):e18884, 2020
- Buddha S et al: Imaging of urachal anomalies. Abdom Radiol (NY). 44(12):3978-89, 2019
- Dethlefs CR et al: Conservative management of urachal anomalies. J Pediatr Surg. 54(5):1054-8, 2019
- Suma TL et al: A case of urachal yolk sac tumor with spontaneous rupture in a child. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 39(2):e82-4, 2017
- Zhao Z et al: Heterotopic pancreas in the omphalomesenteric duct remnant in a 9-month-old girl: a case report and literature review. Diagn Pathol. 12(1):49, 2017
- De Marco EA et al: Incidental diagnosis of giant cell tumor after urachal remnant removal in a thalassemic child. Urology. 90:170-2, 2016
- Hsieh TC et al: A mimic of intra-abdominal malignancy: physiological urinary excretion of FDG in the rare adult vesicourachal diverticulum. Clin Nucl Med. 41(6):466-8, 2016
- Parada Villavicencio C et al: Imaging of the urachus: anomalies, complications, and mimics. Radiographics. 36(7):2049-63, 2016
- Stopak JK et al: Trends in surgical management of urachal anomalies. J Pediatr Surg. 50(8):1334-7, 2015
- Metwalli ZA et al: Imaging features of intravesical urachal cysts in children. Pediatr Radiol. 43(8):978-82, 2013
- Naiditch JA et al: Current diagnosis and management of urachal remnants. J Pediatr Surg. 48(10):2148-52, 2013
- Giuliani S et al: Prune belly syndrome associated with cloacal anomaly, patent urachal remnant, and omphalocele in a female infant. J Pediatr Surg. 45(11):e39-42, 2010
- Lamb BW et al: Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the urachal remnant with pseudomyxoma peritonei. Urol J. 7(2):138-9, 2010
- Copp HL et al: Clinical presentation and urachal remnant pathology: implications for treatment. J Urol. 182(4 Suppl):1921-4, 2009
- Hernandez DM et al: Persistence of an infected urachus presenting as acute abdominal pain. Case report. Arch Esp Urol. 62(7):589-92, 2009
- Iwasaki M et al: Umbilical cyst containing ectopic gastric mucosa originating from an omphalomesenteric duct remnant. J Pediatr Surg. 44(12):2399-401, 2009
- Galati V et al: Management of urachal remnants in early childhood. J Urol. 180(4 Suppl):1824-6; discussion 1827, 2008
- Al-Omar O et al: Continent urinary diversion with a urachal remnant. J Pediatr Urol. 1(5):361-3, 2005
- Nobuhara KK et al: The giant umbilical cord: an unusual presentation of a patent urachus. J Pediatr Surg. 39(1):128-9, 2004
- Ozel SK et al: An unusual presentation of patent urachus: report of a case. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 14(3):206-8, 2004
- Amano Y et al: MR imaging of umbilical cord urachal (allantoic) cyst in utero. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 180(4):1181-2, 2003
- McCollum MO et al: Surgical implications of urachal remnants: presentation and management. J Pediatr Surg. 38(5):798-803, 2003
- Ueno T et al: Urachal anomalies: ultrasonography and management. J Pediatr Surg. 38(8):1203-7, 2003
- Cothren C et al: Urachal carcinoma: key points for the general surgeon. Am Surg. 68(2):201-3, 2002
- Yu JS et al: Urachal remnant diseases: spectrum of CT and US findings. Radiographics. 21(2):451-61, 2001
- Clapuyt P et al: Urachal neuroblastoma: first case report. Pediatr Radiol. 29(5):320-1, 1999
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References
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Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Patent urachus, urachal fistula, urachal remnant, urachal cyst, urachal sinus, urachal diverticulum
Definitions
- Partial or complete persistence of connection between bladder dome & umbilicus; remnant of fetal allantoic stalk
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Fluoroscopic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
Selected References
- Keçeli AM et al: Are urachal remnants really rare in children? An observational study. Eur J Pediatr. 180(6):1987-90, 2021
- Das JP et al: The urachus revisited: multimodal imaging of benign & malignant urachal pathology. Br J Radiol. 93(1110):20190118, 2020
- Kabba MS et al: Gossypiboma with perforation of the umbilicus mimicking a complicated urachal cyst: a case report. BMC Surg. 20(1):242, 2020
- Tsai IS et al: An infected urachal cyst presenting as acute abdominal pain in a child: a case report. Medicine (Baltimore). 99(5):e18884, 2020
- Buddha S et al: Imaging of urachal anomalies. Abdom Radiol (NY). 44(12):3978-89, 2019
- Dethlefs CR et al: Conservative management of urachal anomalies. J Pediatr Surg. 54(5):1054-8, 2019
- Suma TL et al: A case of urachal yolk sac tumor with spontaneous rupture in a child. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 39(2):e82-4, 2017
- Zhao Z et al: Heterotopic pancreas in the omphalomesenteric duct remnant in a 9-month-old girl: a case report and literature review. Diagn Pathol. 12(1):49, 2017
- De Marco EA et al: Incidental diagnosis of giant cell tumor after urachal remnant removal in a thalassemic child. Urology. 90:170-2, 2016
- Hsieh TC et al: A mimic of intra-abdominal malignancy: physiological urinary excretion of FDG in the rare adult vesicourachal diverticulum. Clin Nucl Med. 41(6):466-8, 2016
- Parada Villavicencio C et al: Imaging of the urachus: anomalies, complications, and mimics. Radiographics. 36(7):2049-63, 2016
- Stopak JK et al: Trends in surgical management of urachal anomalies. J Pediatr Surg. 50(8):1334-7, 2015
- Metwalli ZA et al: Imaging features of intravesical urachal cysts in children. Pediatr Radiol. 43(8):978-82, 2013
- Naiditch JA et al: Current diagnosis and management of urachal remnants. J Pediatr Surg. 48(10):2148-52, 2013
- Giuliani S et al: Prune belly syndrome associated with cloacal anomaly, patent urachal remnant, and omphalocele in a female infant. J Pediatr Surg. 45(11):e39-42, 2010
- Lamb BW et al: Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the urachal remnant with pseudomyxoma peritonei. Urol J. 7(2):138-9, 2010
- Copp HL et al: Clinical presentation and urachal remnant pathology: implications for treatment. J Urol. 182(4 Suppl):1921-4, 2009
- Hernandez DM et al: Persistence of an infected urachus presenting as acute abdominal pain. Case report. Arch Esp Urol. 62(7):589-92, 2009
- Iwasaki M et al: Umbilical cyst containing ectopic gastric mucosa originating from an omphalomesenteric duct remnant. J Pediatr Surg. 44(12):2399-401, 2009
- Galati V et al: Management of urachal remnants in early childhood. J Urol. 180(4 Suppl):1824-6; discussion 1827, 2008
- Al-Omar O et al: Continent urinary diversion with a urachal remnant. J Pediatr Urol. 1(5):361-3, 2005
- Nobuhara KK et al: The giant umbilical cord: an unusual presentation of a patent urachus. J Pediatr Surg. 39(1):128-9, 2004
- Ozel SK et al: An unusual presentation of patent urachus: report of a case. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 14(3):206-8, 2004
- Amano Y et al: MR imaging of umbilical cord urachal (allantoic) cyst in utero. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 180(4):1181-2, 2003
- McCollum MO et al: Surgical implications of urachal remnants: presentation and management. J Pediatr Surg. 38(5):798-803, 2003
- Ueno T et al: Urachal anomalies: ultrasonography and management. J Pediatr Surg. 38(8):1203-7, 2003
- Cothren C et al: Urachal carcinoma: key points for the general surgeon. Am Surg. 68(2):201-3, 2002
- Yu JS et al: Urachal remnant diseases: spectrum of CT and US findings. Radiographics. 21(2):451-61, 2001
- Clapuyt P et al: Urachal neuroblastoma: first case report. Pediatr Radiol. 29(5):320-1, 1999
