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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Müllerian duct anomalies (MDA)
Synonyms
- Uterine fusion anomalies
Definitions
- MDA: Uterine malformations resulting from abnormal development, fusion, or resorption of müllerian ducts
- Unicornuate, bicornuate, didelphys uterus ± cervical/vaginal malformation
- Intercornual line: Horizontal line between distal end of uterine horns, defined in coronal plane of uterus
- MDA: Uterine malformations resulting from abnormal development, fusion, or resorption of müllerian ducts
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
CT Findings
Fluoroscopic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Ludwin A et al: Septate uterus according to ESHRE/ESGE, ASRM and CUME definitions: association with infertility and miscarriage, cost and warnings for women and healthcare systems. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 54(6):800-14, 2019
- Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Electronic address: [email protected] et al: Uterine septum: a guideline. Fertil Steril. 106(3):530-40, 2016
- Sakhel K et al: Begin with the basics: role of 3-dimensional sonography as a first-line imaging technique in the cost-effective evaluation of gynecologic pelvic disease. J Ultrasound Med. 32(3):381-8, 2013
- Behr SC et al: Imaging of müllerian duct anomalies. Radiographics. 32(6):E233-50, 2012
- Marcal L et al: Mullerian duct anomalies: MR imaging. Abdom Imaging. 36(6):756-64, 2011
- Drakonaki EE et al: Hematocolpometra due to an imperforate hymen presenting with back pain: sonographic diagnosis. J Ultrasound Med. 29(2):321-2, 2010
- Junqueira BL et al: Müllerian duct anomalies and mimics in children and adolescents: correlative intraoperative assessment with clinical imaging. Radiographics. 29(4):1085-103, 2009
- Johnston-MacAnanny EB et al: Diagnosis and treatment of a communicating uterus didelphys with an atretic hemivagina: utility of 3-dimensional and intraoperative sonography. J Ultrasound Med. 27(6):975-8, 2008
- Saravelos SH et al: Prevalence and diagnosis of congenital uterine anomalies in women with reproductive failure: a critical appraisal. Hum Reprod Update. 14(5):415-29, 2008
- Orazi C et al: Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome: uterus didelphys, blind hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis. Sonographic and MR findings in 11 cases. Pediatr Radiol. 37(7):657-65, 2007
- Sherer DM et al: Acquired hematometra and hematotrachelos in an adolescent with dysfunctional uterine bleeding. J Ultrasound Med. 25(12):1599-602, 2006
- Prada Arias M et al: Uterus didelphys with obstructed hemivagina and multicystic dysplastic kidney. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 15(6):441-5, 2005
- Warne SA et al: Long-term gynecological outcome of patients with persistent cloaca. J Urol. 170(4 Pt 2):1493-6, 2003
- The American Fertility Society classifications of adnexal adhesions, distal tubal occlusion, tubal occlusion secondary to tubal ligation, tubal pregnancies, müllerian anomalies and intrauterine adhesions. Fertil Steril. 49(6):944-55, 1988
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Müllerian duct anomalies (MDA)
Synonyms
- Uterine fusion anomalies
Definitions
- MDA: Uterine malformations resulting from abnormal development, fusion, or resorption of müllerian ducts
- Unicornuate, bicornuate, didelphys uterus ± cervical/vaginal malformation
- Intercornual line: Horizontal line between distal end of uterine horns, defined in coronal plane of uterus
- MDA: Uterine malformations resulting from abnormal development, fusion, or resorption of müllerian ducts
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
CT Findings
Fluoroscopic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Ludwin A et al: Septate uterus according to ESHRE/ESGE, ASRM and CUME definitions: association with infertility and miscarriage, cost and warnings for women and healthcare systems. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 54(6):800-14, 2019
- Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Electronic address: [email protected] et al: Uterine septum: a guideline. Fertil Steril. 106(3):530-40, 2016
- Sakhel K et al: Begin with the basics: role of 3-dimensional sonography as a first-line imaging technique in the cost-effective evaluation of gynecologic pelvic disease. J Ultrasound Med. 32(3):381-8, 2013
- Behr SC et al: Imaging of müllerian duct anomalies. Radiographics. 32(6):E233-50, 2012
- Marcal L et al: Mullerian duct anomalies: MR imaging. Abdom Imaging. 36(6):756-64, 2011
- Drakonaki EE et al: Hematocolpometra due to an imperforate hymen presenting with back pain: sonographic diagnosis. J Ultrasound Med. 29(2):321-2, 2010
- Junqueira BL et al: Müllerian duct anomalies and mimics in children and adolescents: correlative intraoperative assessment with clinical imaging. Radiographics. 29(4):1085-103, 2009
- Johnston-MacAnanny EB et al: Diagnosis and treatment of a communicating uterus didelphys with an atretic hemivagina: utility of 3-dimensional and intraoperative sonography. J Ultrasound Med. 27(6):975-8, 2008
- Saravelos SH et al: Prevalence and diagnosis of congenital uterine anomalies in women with reproductive failure: a critical appraisal. Hum Reprod Update. 14(5):415-29, 2008
- Orazi C et al: Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome: uterus didelphys, blind hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis. Sonographic and MR findings in 11 cases. Pediatr Radiol. 37(7):657-65, 2007
- Sherer DM et al: Acquired hematometra and hematotrachelos in an adolescent with dysfunctional uterine bleeding. J Ultrasound Med. 25(12):1599-602, 2006
- Prada Arias M et al: Uterus didelphys with obstructed hemivagina and multicystic dysplastic kidney. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 15(6):441-5, 2005
- Warne SA et al: Long-term gynecological outcome of patients with persistent cloaca. J Urol. 170(4 Pt 2):1493-6, 2003
- The American Fertility Society classifications of adnexal adhesions, distal tubal occlusion, tubal occlusion secondary to tubal ligation, tubal pregnancies, müllerian anomalies and intrauterine adhesions. Fertil Steril. 49(6):944-55, 1988
