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Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation
Maryam Rezvani, MDJeffrey Dee Olpin, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Imaging

    • Top Differential Diagnoses

      • Clinical Issues

        TERMINOLOGY

        • Abbreviations

          • Uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM)
        • Synonyms

          • Cavernous hemangioma
          • Cirsoid aneurysm
          • Racemose aneurysm
          • Arteriovenous aneurysm
          • Pulsatile angioma
        • Definitions

          • AVM
            • Multiple arteriovenous connections between intramural arterial branches and myometrial venous plexus without intervening capillary network
          • Arteriovenous fistula (AVF)
            • Abnormal direct communication between artery and vein without intervening capillary network

        IMAGING

        • General Features

          • CT Findings

            • MR Findings

              • Ultrasonographic Findings

                • Angiographic Findings

                  • Imaging Recommendations

                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                      PATHOLOGY

                      • General Features

                        • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                          • Microscopic Features

                            CLINICAL ISSUES

                            • Presentation

                              • Demographics

                                • Natural History & Prognosis

                                  • Treatment

                                    DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                    • Consider

                                      • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                        Selected References

                                        1. Giurazza F et al: Uterine arteriovenous malformations. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 42(1):37-45, 2021
                                        2. O'Rourke-Suchoff D et al: Diagnosis and treatment of women with radiologic findings suspicious for uterine arteriovenous malformations. J Obstet Gynaecol. 1-5, 2020
                                        3. Scribner D et al: Diagnosis of acquired uterine arteriovenous malformation by Doppler ultrasound. J Emerg Med. 51(2):168-71, 2016
                                        4. Aiyappan SK et al: Doppler sonography and 3D CT angiography of acquired uterine arteriovenous malformations (AVMs): report of two cases. J Clin Diagn Res. 8(2):187-9, 2014
                                        5. Wani NA et al: Uterine arteriovenous malformation diagnosed with multislice computed tomography: a case report. J Reprod Med. 55(3-4):166-70, 2010
                                        6. Brown JV 3rd et al: Contemporary diagnosis and management of a uterine arteriovenous malformation. Obstet Gynecol. 112(2 Pt 2):467-70, 2008
                                        7. Rufener SL et al: Sonography of uterine abnormalities in postpartum and postabortion patients: a potential pitfall of interpretation. J Ultrasound Med. 27(3):343-8, 2008
                                        8. Maleux G et al: Acquired uterine vascular malformations: radiological and clinical outcome after transcatheter embolotherapy. Eur Radiol. 16(2):299-306, 2006
                                        9. O'Brien P et al: Uterine arteriovenous malformations: from diagnosis to treatment. J Ultrasound Med. 25(11):1387-92; quiz 1394-5, 2006
                                        10. Grivell RM et al: Uterine arteriovenous malformations: a review of the current literature. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 60(11):761-7, 2005
                                        11. Timmerman D et al: Color Doppler imaging is a valuable tool for the diagnosis and management of uterine vascular malformations. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 21(6):570-7, 2003
                                        12. Kwon JH et al: Obstetric iatrogenic arterial injuries of the uterus: diagnosis with US and treatment with transcatheter arterial embolization. Radiographics. 22(1):35-46, 2002
                                        13. Nasu K et al: Uterine arteriovenous malformation: ultrasonographic, magnetic resonance and radiological findings. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 53(3):191-4, 2002
                                        14. Polat P et al: Color Doppler US in the evaluation of uterine vascular abnormalities. Radiographics. 22(1):47-53, 2002
                                        Related Anatomy
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                                        Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                        References
                                        Tables

                                        Tables

                                        KEY FACTS

                                        • Imaging

                                          • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                            • Clinical Issues

                                              TERMINOLOGY

                                              • Abbreviations

                                                • Uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM)
                                              • Synonyms

                                                • Cavernous hemangioma
                                                • Cirsoid aneurysm
                                                • Racemose aneurysm
                                                • Arteriovenous aneurysm
                                                • Pulsatile angioma
                                              • Definitions

                                                • AVM
                                                  • Multiple arteriovenous connections between intramural arterial branches and myometrial venous plexus without intervening capillary network
                                                • Arteriovenous fistula (AVF)
                                                  • Abnormal direct communication between artery and vein without intervening capillary network

                                              IMAGING

                                              • General Features

                                                • CT Findings

                                                  • MR Findings

                                                    • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                      • Angiographic Findings

                                                        • Imaging Recommendations

                                                          DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                            PATHOLOGY

                                                            • General Features

                                                              • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                • Microscopic Features

                                                                  CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                  • Presentation

                                                                    • Demographics

                                                                      • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                        • Treatment

                                                                          DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                          • Consider

                                                                            • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                              Selected References

                                                                              1. Giurazza F et al: Uterine arteriovenous malformations. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 42(1):37-45, 2021
                                                                              2. O'Rourke-Suchoff D et al: Diagnosis and treatment of women with radiologic findings suspicious for uterine arteriovenous malformations. J Obstet Gynaecol. 1-5, 2020
                                                                              3. Scribner D et al: Diagnosis of acquired uterine arteriovenous malformation by Doppler ultrasound. J Emerg Med. 51(2):168-71, 2016
                                                                              4. Aiyappan SK et al: Doppler sonography and 3D CT angiography of acquired uterine arteriovenous malformations (AVMs): report of two cases. J Clin Diagn Res. 8(2):187-9, 2014
                                                                              5. Wani NA et al: Uterine arteriovenous malformation diagnosed with multislice computed tomography: a case report. J Reprod Med. 55(3-4):166-70, 2010
                                                                              6. Brown JV 3rd et al: Contemporary diagnosis and management of a uterine arteriovenous malformation. Obstet Gynecol. 112(2 Pt 2):467-70, 2008
                                                                              7. Rufener SL et al: Sonography of uterine abnormalities in postpartum and postabortion patients: a potential pitfall of interpretation. J Ultrasound Med. 27(3):343-8, 2008
                                                                              8. Maleux G et al: Acquired uterine vascular malformations: radiological and clinical outcome after transcatheter embolotherapy. Eur Radiol. 16(2):299-306, 2006
                                                                              9. O'Brien P et al: Uterine arteriovenous malformations: from diagnosis to treatment. J Ultrasound Med. 25(11):1387-92; quiz 1394-5, 2006
                                                                              10. Grivell RM et al: Uterine arteriovenous malformations: a review of the current literature. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 60(11):761-7, 2005
                                                                              11. Timmerman D et al: Color Doppler imaging is a valuable tool for the diagnosis and management of uterine vascular malformations. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 21(6):570-7, 2003
                                                                              12. Kwon JH et al: Obstetric iatrogenic arterial injuries of the uterus: diagnosis with US and treatment with transcatheter arterial embolization. Radiographics. 22(1):35-46, 2002
                                                                              13. Nasu K et al: Uterine arteriovenous malformation: ultrasonographic, magnetic resonance and radiological findings. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 53(3):191-4, 2002
                                                                              14. Polat P et al: Color Doppler US in the evaluation of uterine vascular abnormalities. Radiographics. 22(1):47-53, 2002