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Gynecology
Diagnosis
Vagina and Vulva
Congenital
Vaginal Septa
Vaginal Septa
Douglas Rogers, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Clinical Issues

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Definitions

            • Transverse vaginal septum: Incomplete canalization/fusion of müllerian ducts to urogenital sinus (which forms lower 1/3 of vagina)
            • Longitudinal vaginal septum: Incomplete lateral fusion of lower part of müllerian ducts (2 vaginal openings)
              • May occur in isolation or in association with other müllerian duct anomalies

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • MR Findings

              • Ultrasonographic Findings

                • Imaging Recommendations

                  DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                    CLINICAL ISSUES

                    • Presentation

                      • Demographics

                        • Natural History & Prognosis

                          • Treatment

                            Selected References

                            1. Passos IMPE et al: Diagnosis and treatment of müllerian malformations. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 59(2):183-8, 2020
                            2. Doğan E et al: Asymptomatic microperforated transverse vaginal septum presenting with primary infertility: a rare form of mullerian anomaly. Turk J Obstet Gynecol. 16(2):140-2, 2019
                            3. Jamil F et al: Haematometrocolpos due to transverse vaginal septum with distal atretic vagina. BMJ Case Rep, 2018
                            4. Ferreira DM et al: Magnetic resonance imaging of the vagina: an overview for radiologists with emphasis on clinical decision making. Radiol Bras. 48(4):249-59, 2015
                            5. Huebner M et al: The rectovaginal septum: visible on magnetic resonance images of women with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome (Müllerian agenesis). Int Urogynecol J. 25(3):323-7, 2014
                            6. Lankford JC et al: Congenital reproductive abnormalities. J Midwifery Womens Health. 58(5):546-51, 2013
                            7. Pascual MA et al: Three-dimensional sonography for diagnosis of rectovaginal septum endometriosis: interobserver agreement. J Ultrasound Med. 32(6):931-5, 2013
                            8. Krafft C et al: Magnetic resonance as an aid in the diagnosis of a transverse vaginal septum. J Pediatr Surg. 47(2):422-5, 2012
                            9. Robbins JB et al: MRI of pregnancy-related issues: müllerian duct anomalies. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 198(2):302-10, 2012
                            10. Ruggeri G et al: Vaginal malformations: a proposed classification based on embryological, anatomical and clinical criteria and their surgical management (an analysis of 167 cases). Pediatr Surg Int. 28(8):797-803, 2012
                            11. Marcal L et al: Mullerian duct anomalies: MR imaging. Abdom Imaging. 36(6):756-64, 2011
                            12. Opoku BK et al: Huge abdominal mass secondary to a transverse vaginal septum and cervical dysgenesis. Ghana Med J. 45(4):174-6, 2011
                            13. Papaioannou G et al: Magnetic resonance imaging visualization of a vaginal septum. Fertil Steril. 96(5):1193-4, 2011
                            14. Miller RJ et al: Surgical correction of vaginal anomalies. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 51(2):223-36, 2008
                            Related Anatomy
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                            Related Differential Diagnoses
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                            References
                            Tables

                            Tables

                            KEY FACTS

                            • Terminology

                              • Imaging

                                • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                  • Clinical Issues

                                    TERMINOLOGY

                                    • Definitions

                                      • Transverse vaginal septum: Incomplete canalization/fusion of müllerian ducts to urogenital sinus (which forms lower 1/3 of vagina)
                                      • Longitudinal vaginal septum: Incomplete lateral fusion of lower part of müllerian ducts (2 vaginal openings)
                                        • May occur in isolation or in association with other müllerian duct anomalies

                                    IMAGING

                                    • General Features

                                      • MR Findings

                                        • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                          • Imaging Recommendations

                                            DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                                              • Presentation

                                                • Demographics

                                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                    • Treatment

                                                      Selected References

                                                      1. Passos IMPE et al: Diagnosis and treatment of müllerian malformations. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 59(2):183-8, 2020
                                                      2. Doğan E et al: Asymptomatic microperforated transverse vaginal septum presenting with primary infertility: a rare form of mullerian anomaly. Turk J Obstet Gynecol. 16(2):140-2, 2019
                                                      3. Jamil F et al: Haematometrocolpos due to transverse vaginal septum with distal atretic vagina. BMJ Case Rep, 2018
                                                      4. Ferreira DM et al: Magnetic resonance imaging of the vagina: an overview for radiologists with emphasis on clinical decision making. Radiol Bras. 48(4):249-59, 2015
                                                      5. Huebner M et al: The rectovaginal septum: visible on magnetic resonance images of women with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome (Müllerian agenesis). Int Urogynecol J. 25(3):323-7, 2014
                                                      6. Lankford JC et al: Congenital reproductive abnormalities. J Midwifery Womens Health. 58(5):546-51, 2013
                                                      7. Pascual MA et al: Three-dimensional sonography for diagnosis of rectovaginal septum endometriosis: interobserver agreement. J Ultrasound Med. 32(6):931-5, 2013
                                                      8. Krafft C et al: Magnetic resonance as an aid in the diagnosis of a transverse vaginal septum. J Pediatr Surg. 47(2):422-5, 2012
                                                      9. Robbins JB et al: MRI of pregnancy-related issues: müllerian duct anomalies. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 198(2):302-10, 2012
                                                      10. Ruggeri G et al: Vaginal malformations: a proposed classification based on embryological, anatomical and clinical criteria and their surgical management (an analysis of 167 cases). Pediatr Surg Int. 28(8):797-803, 2012
                                                      11. Marcal L et al: Mullerian duct anomalies: MR imaging. Abdom Imaging. 36(6):756-64, 2011
                                                      12. Opoku BK et al: Huge abdominal mass secondary to a transverse vaginal septum and cervical dysgenesis. Ghana Med J. 45(4):174-6, 2011
                                                      13. Papaioannou G et al: Magnetic resonance imaging visualization of a vaginal septum. Fertil Steril. 96(5):1193-4, 2011
                                                      14. Miller RJ et al: Surgical correction of vaginal anomalies. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 51(2):223-36, 2008