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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Caseous calcification of mitral annulus (CCMA)
- Mitral annular calcification (MAC)
Definitions
- Calcification of valve leaflet or annulus
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
Echocardiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Fletcher AJ et al: Imaging aortic valve calcification: significance, approach and implications. Clin Radiol. 76(1):15-26, 2021
- Pawade T et al: Why and how to measure aortic valve calcification in patients with aortic stenosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 12(9):1835-48, 2019
- Praz F et al: Imaging in patients with severe mitral annular calcification: insights from a multicentre experience using transatrial balloon-expandable valve replacement. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 20(12):1395-406, 2019
- Eleid MF et al: Severe mitral annular calcification: multimodality imaging for therapeutic strategies and interventions. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 9(11):1318-37, 2016
- Ferguson EC et al: Cardiac and pericardial calcifications on chest radiographs. Clin Radiol. 65(9):685-94, 2010
- Chen JJ et al: CT angiography of the cardiac valves: normal, diseased, and postoperative appearances. Radiographics. 29(5):1393-412, 2009
- Allison MA et al: Mitral and aortic annular calcification are highly associated with systemic calcified atherosclerosis. Circulation. 113(6):861-6, 2006
- Vogel-Claussen J et al: Cardiac valve assessment with MR imaging and 64-section multi-detector row CT. Radiographics. 26(6):1769-84, 2006
- Boxt LM: CT of valvular heart disease. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 21(1):105-13, 2005
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Caseous calcification of mitral annulus (CCMA)
- Mitral annular calcification (MAC)
Definitions
- Calcification of valve leaflet or annulus
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
Echocardiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Fletcher AJ et al: Imaging aortic valve calcification: significance, approach and implications. Clin Radiol. 76(1):15-26, 2021
- Pawade T et al: Why and how to measure aortic valve calcification in patients with aortic stenosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 12(9):1835-48, 2019
- Praz F et al: Imaging in patients with severe mitral annular calcification: insights from a multicentre experience using transatrial balloon-expandable valve replacement. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 20(12):1395-406, 2019
- Eleid MF et al: Severe mitral annular calcification: multimodality imaging for therapeutic strategies and interventions. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 9(11):1318-37, 2016
- Ferguson EC et al: Cardiac and pericardial calcifications on chest radiographs. Clin Radiol. 65(9):685-94, 2010
- Chen JJ et al: CT angiography of the cardiac valves: normal, diseased, and postoperative appearances. Radiographics. 29(5):1393-412, 2009
- Allison MA et al: Mitral and aortic annular calcification are highly associated with systemic calcified atherosclerosis. Circulation. 113(6):861-6, 2006
- Vogel-Claussen J et al: Cardiac valve assessment with MR imaging and 64-section multi-detector row CT. Radiographics. 26(6):1769-84, 2006
- Boxt LM: CT of valvular heart disease. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 21(1):105-13, 2005
