link
Bookmarks
Spine
Diagnosis
Trauma
Cord, Dura, and Vessels
Vascular Injury, Cervical
Vascular Injury, Cervical
Jeffrey S. Ross, MD
To access 4,300 diagnoses written by the world's leading experts in radiology, please log in or subscribe.Subscribe
0
0
5
0

KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Pathology

        • Clinical Issues

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Synonyms

            • Blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI)
            • Carotid artery injury (CAI)
            • Vertebral artery injury (VAI)

          • Definitions

            • Traumatic injury to either carotid or vertebral arteries
              • Dissection
              • Thrombosis
              • Pseudoaneurysm
              • Transection

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • CT Findings

              • MR Findings

                • Ultrasonographic Findings

                  • Imaging Recommendations

                    • Angiographic Findings

                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                        PATHOLOGY

                        • General Features

                          • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                            • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                              • Presentation

                                • Demographics

                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                    • Treatment

                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                      • Consider

                                        • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                          Selected References

                                          1. Galardi MM et al: Cerebrovascular complications of pediatric blunt trauma. Pediatr Neurol. S0887-8994(19)30999-3, 2020
                                          2. Rutman AM et al: Imaging and management of blunt cerebrovascular injury. Radiographics. 38(2):542-63, 2018
                                          3. Stone DK et al: Management of blunt cerebrovascular injury. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 18(12):98, 2018
                                          4. Winn A et al: Blunt craniocervical trauma: does the patient have a cerebral vascular injury? Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 28(3):495-507, 2018
                                          5. Harrigan MR et al: Management of vertebral artery injuries following non-penetrating cervical trauma. Neurosurgery. 72 Suppl 2:234-43, 2013
                                          6. Munera F et al: Multi-detector row CT angiography of the neck in blunt trauma. Radiol Clin North Am. 50(1):59-72, 2012
                                          7. Albuquerque FC et al: Craniocervical arterial dissections as sequelae of chiropractic manipulation: patterns of injury and management. J Neurosurg. 115(6):1197-205, 2011
                                          8. Fusco MR et al: Cerebrovascular dissections--a review part I: spontaneous dissections. Neurosurgery. 68(1):242-57; discussion 257, 2011
                                          9. Fusco MR et al: Cerebrovascular dissections: a review. Part II: blunt cerebrovascular injury. Neurosurgery. 68(2):517-30; discussion 530, 2011
                                          10. Ringer AJ et al: Screening for blunt cerebrovascular injury: selection criteria for use of angiography. J Neurosurg. 112(5):1146-9, 2010
                                          11. Lee CK et al: Traumatic vertebral artery injury: detailed clinicopathologic and morphometric analysis of 6 cases. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 30(2):134-6, 2009
                                          12. Yeh HF et al: Traumatic vertebral artery dissection and Wallenberg syndrome after a motorcycle collision. Am J Emerg Med. 27(1):131, 2009
                                          13. Hoit DA et al: Angiographic detection of carotid and vertebral arterial injury in the high-energy blunt trauma patient. J Spinal Disord Tech. 21(4):259-66, 2008
                                          14. Stallmeyer MJ et al: Imaging of traumatic neurovascular injury. Radiol Clin North Am. 44(1):13-39, vii, 2006
                                          15. Torina PJ et al: Incidence of vertebral artery thrombosis in cervical spine trauma: correlation with severity of spinal cord injury. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 26(10):2645-51, 2005
                                          16. Pride GL Jr et al: Stent-coil treatment of a distal internal carotid artery dissecting pseudoaneurysm on a redundant loop by use of a flexible, dedicated nitinol intracranial stent. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 25(2):333-7, 2004
                                          17. du Toit DF et al: Neurologic outcome after penetrating extracranial arterial trauma. J Vasc Surg. 38(2):257-62, 2003
                                          18. Miller PR et al: Prospective screening for blunt cerebrovascular injuries: analysis of diagnostic modalities and outcomes. Ann Surg. 236(3):386-93; discussion 393-5, 2002
                                          19. Miller PR et al: Blunt cerebrovascular injuries: diagnosis and treatment. J Trauma. 51(2):279-85; discussion 285-6, 2001
                                          20. Stevinson C et al: Neurological complications of cervical spine manipulation. J R Soc Med. 94(3):107-10, 2001
                                          21. Touzé E et al: Aneurysmal forms of cervical artery dissection : associated factors and outcome. Stroke. 32(2):418-23, 2001
                                          22. Biffl WL et al: The devastating potential of blunt vertebral arterial injuries. Ann Surg. 231(5):672-81, 2000
                                          23. Biffl WL et al: Optimizing screening for blunt cerebrovascular injuries. Am J Surg. 178(6):517-22, 1999
                                          24. Carrillo EH et al: Blunt carotid artery injuries: difficulties with the diagnosis prior to neurologic event. J Trauma. 46(6):1120-5, 1999
                                          25. Guillon B et al: Long-term follow-up of aneurysms developed during extracranial internal carotid artery dissection. Neurology. 53(1):117-22, 1999
                                          26. Alimi Y et al: Bilateral dissection of the internal carotid artery at the base of the skull due to blunt trauma: incidence and severity. Ann Vasc Surg. 12(6):557-65, 1998
                                          27. Sclafani AP et al: Angiography and transcatheter arterial embolization of vascular injuries of the face and neck. Laryngoscope. 106(2 Pt 1):168-73, 1996
                                          28. Cogbill TH et al: The spectrum of blunt injury to the carotid artery: a multicenter perspective. J Trauma. 37(3):473-9, 1994
                                          29. Martin RF et al: Blunt trauma to the carotid arteries. J Vasc Surg. 14(6):789-93; discussion 793-5, 1991
                                          30. Krajewski LP et al: Blunt carotid artery trauma: report of two cases and review of the literature. Ann Surg. 191(3):341-6, 1980
                                          Related Anatomy
                                          Loading...
                                          Related Differential Diagnoses
                                          Loading...
                                          References
                                          Tables

                                          Tables

                                          KEY FACTS

                                          • Terminology

                                            • Imaging

                                              • Pathology

                                                • Clinical Issues

                                                  TERMINOLOGY

                                                  • Synonyms

                                                    • Blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI)
                                                    • Carotid artery injury (CAI)
                                                    • Vertebral artery injury (VAI)

                                                  • Definitions

                                                    • Traumatic injury to either carotid or vertebral arteries
                                                      • Dissection
                                                      • Thrombosis
                                                      • Pseudoaneurysm
                                                      • Transection

                                                  IMAGING

                                                  • General Features

                                                    • CT Findings

                                                      • MR Findings

                                                        • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                          • Imaging Recommendations

                                                            • Angiographic Findings

                                                              DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                PATHOLOGY

                                                                • General Features

                                                                  • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                    • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                      CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                      • Presentation

                                                                        • Demographics

                                                                          • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                            • Treatment

                                                                              DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                              • Consider

                                                                                • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                  Selected References

                                                                                  1. Galardi MM et al: Cerebrovascular complications of pediatric blunt trauma. Pediatr Neurol. S0887-8994(19)30999-3, 2020
                                                                                  2. Rutman AM et al: Imaging and management of blunt cerebrovascular injury. Radiographics. 38(2):542-63, 2018
                                                                                  3. Stone DK et al: Management of blunt cerebrovascular injury. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 18(12):98, 2018
                                                                                  4. Winn A et al: Blunt craniocervical trauma: does the patient have a cerebral vascular injury? Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 28(3):495-507, 2018
                                                                                  5. Harrigan MR et al: Management of vertebral artery injuries following non-penetrating cervical trauma. Neurosurgery. 72 Suppl 2:234-43, 2013
                                                                                  6. Munera F et al: Multi-detector row CT angiography of the neck in blunt trauma. Radiol Clin North Am. 50(1):59-72, 2012
                                                                                  7. Albuquerque FC et al: Craniocervical arterial dissections as sequelae of chiropractic manipulation: patterns of injury and management. J Neurosurg. 115(6):1197-205, 2011
                                                                                  8. Fusco MR et al: Cerebrovascular dissections--a review part I: spontaneous dissections. Neurosurgery. 68(1):242-57; discussion 257, 2011
                                                                                  9. Fusco MR et al: Cerebrovascular dissections: a review. Part II: blunt cerebrovascular injury. Neurosurgery. 68(2):517-30; discussion 530, 2011
                                                                                  10. Ringer AJ et al: Screening for blunt cerebrovascular injury: selection criteria for use of angiography. J Neurosurg. 112(5):1146-9, 2010
                                                                                  11. Lee CK et al: Traumatic vertebral artery injury: detailed clinicopathologic and morphometric analysis of 6 cases. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 30(2):134-6, 2009
                                                                                  12. Yeh HF et al: Traumatic vertebral artery dissection and Wallenberg syndrome after a motorcycle collision. Am J Emerg Med. 27(1):131, 2009
                                                                                  13. Hoit DA et al: Angiographic detection of carotid and vertebral arterial injury in the high-energy blunt trauma patient. J Spinal Disord Tech. 21(4):259-66, 2008
                                                                                  14. Stallmeyer MJ et al: Imaging of traumatic neurovascular injury. Radiol Clin North Am. 44(1):13-39, vii, 2006
                                                                                  15. Torina PJ et al: Incidence of vertebral artery thrombosis in cervical spine trauma: correlation with severity of spinal cord injury. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 26(10):2645-51, 2005
                                                                                  16. Pride GL Jr et al: Stent-coil treatment of a distal internal carotid artery dissecting pseudoaneurysm on a redundant loop by use of a flexible, dedicated nitinol intracranial stent. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 25(2):333-7, 2004
                                                                                  17. du Toit DF et al: Neurologic outcome after penetrating extracranial arterial trauma. J Vasc Surg. 38(2):257-62, 2003
                                                                                  18. Miller PR et al: Prospective screening for blunt cerebrovascular injuries: analysis of diagnostic modalities and outcomes. Ann Surg. 236(3):386-93; discussion 393-5, 2002
                                                                                  19. Miller PR et al: Blunt cerebrovascular injuries: diagnosis and treatment. J Trauma. 51(2):279-85; discussion 285-6, 2001
                                                                                  20. Stevinson C et al: Neurological complications of cervical spine manipulation. J R Soc Med. 94(3):107-10, 2001
                                                                                  21. Touzé E et al: Aneurysmal forms of cervical artery dissection : associated factors and outcome. Stroke. 32(2):418-23, 2001
                                                                                  22. Biffl WL et al: The devastating potential of blunt vertebral arterial injuries. Ann Surg. 231(5):672-81, 2000
                                                                                  23. Biffl WL et al: Optimizing screening for blunt cerebrovascular injuries. Am J Surg. 178(6):517-22, 1999
                                                                                  24. Carrillo EH et al: Blunt carotid artery injuries: difficulties with the diagnosis prior to neurologic event. J Trauma. 46(6):1120-5, 1999
                                                                                  25. Guillon B et al: Long-term follow-up of aneurysms developed during extracranial internal carotid artery dissection. Neurology. 53(1):117-22, 1999
                                                                                  26. Alimi Y et al: Bilateral dissection of the internal carotid artery at the base of the skull due to blunt trauma: incidence and severity. Ann Vasc Surg. 12(6):557-65, 1998
                                                                                  27. Sclafani AP et al: Angiography and transcatheter arterial embolization of vascular injuries of the face and neck. Laryngoscope. 106(2 Pt 1):168-73, 1996
                                                                                  28. Cogbill TH et al: The spectrum of blunt injury to the carotid artery: a multicenter perspective. J Trauma. 37(3):473-9, 1994
                                                                                  29. Martin RF et al: Blunt trauma to the carotid arteries. J Vasc Surg. 14(6):789-93; discussion 793-5, 1991
                                                                                  30. Krajewski LP et al: Blunt carotid artery trauma: report of two cases and review of the literature. Ann Surg. 191(3):341-6, 1980