Traumatic injury to either carotid or vertebral arteries
Dissection
Thrombosis
Pseudoaneurysm
Transection
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
Angiographic Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Galardi MM et al: Cerebrovascular complications of pediatric blunt trauma. Pediatr Neurol. S0887-8994(19)30999-3, 2020
Rutman AM et al: Imaging and management of blunt cerebrovascular injury. Radiographics. 38(2):542-63, 2018
Stone DK et al: Management of blunt cerebrovascular injury. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 18(12):98, 2018
Winn A et al: Blunt craniocervical trauma: does the patient have a cerebral vascular injury? Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 28(3):495-507, 2018
Harrigan MR et al: Management of vertebral artery injuries following non-penetrating cervical trauma. Neurosurgery. 72 Suppl 2:234-43, 2013
Munera F et al: Multi-detector row CT angiography of the neck in blunt trauma. Radiol Clin North Am. 50(1):59-72, 2012
Albuquerque FC et al: Craniocervical arterial dissections as sequelae of chiropractic manipulation: patterns of injury and management. J Neurosurg. 115(6):1197-205, 2011
Fusco MR et al: Cerebrovascular dissections--a review part I: spontaneous dissections. Neurosurgery. 68(1):242-57; discussion 257, 2011
Fusco MR et al: Cerebrovascular dissections: a review. Part II: blunt cerebrovascular injury. Neurosurgery. 68(2):517-30; discussion 530, 2011
Ringer AJ et al: Screening for blunt cerebrovascular injury: selection criteria for use of angiography. J Neurosurg. 112(5):1146-9, 2010
Lee CK et al: Traumatic vertebral artery injury: detailed clinicopathologic and morphometric analysis of 6 cases. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 30(2):134-6, 2009
Yeh HF et al: Traumatic vertebral artery dissection and Wallenberg syndrome after a motorcycle collision. Am J Emerg Med. 27(1):131, 2009
Hoit DA et al: Angiographic detection of carotid and vertebral arterial injury in the high-energy blunt trauma patient. J Spinal Disord Tech. 21(4):259-66, 2008
Stallmeyer MJ et al: Imaging of traumatic neurovascular injury. Radiol Clin North Am. 44(1):13-39, vii, 2006
Torina PJ et al: Incidence of vertebral artery thrombosis in cervical spine trauma: correlation with severity of spinal cord injury. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 26(10):2645-51, 2005
Pride GL Jr et al: Stent-coil treatment of a distal internal carotid artery dissecting pseudoaneurysm on a redundant loop by use of a flexible, dedicated nitinol intracranial stent. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 25(2):333-7, 2004
du Toit DF et al: Neurologic outcome after penetrating extracranial arterial trauma. J Vasc Surg. 38(2):257-62, 2003
Miller PR et al: Prospective screening for blunt cerebrovascular injuries: analysis of diagnostic modalities and outcomes. Ann Surg. 236(3):386-93; discussion 393-5, 2002
Miller PR et al: Blunt cerebrovascular injuries: diagnosis and treatment. J Trauma. 51(2):279-85; discussion 285-6, 2001
Stevinson C et al: Neurological complications of cervical spine manipulation. J R Soc Med. 94(3):107-10, 2001
Biffl WL et al: The devastating potential of blunt vertebral arterial injuries. Ann Surg. 231(5):672-81, 2000
Biffl WL et al: Optimizing screening for blunt cerebrovascular injuries. Am J Surg. 178(6):517-22, 1999
Carrillo EH et al: Blunt carotid artery injuries: difficulties with the diagnosis prior to neurologic event. J Trauma. 46(6):1120-5, 1999
Guillon B et al: Long-term follow-up of aneurysms developed during extracranial internal carotid artery dissection. Neurology. 53(1):117-22, 1999
Alimi Y et al: Bilateral dissection of the internal carotid artery at the base of the skull due to blunt trauma: incidence and severity. Ann Vasc Surg. 12(6):557-65, 1998
Sclafani AP et al: Angiography and transcatheter arterial embolization of vascular injuries of the face and neck. Laryngoscope. 106(2 Pt 1):168-73, 1996
Cogbill TH et al: The spectrum of blunt injury to the carotid artery: a multicenter perspective. J Trauma. 37(3):473-9, 1994
Martin RF et al: Blunt trauma to the carotid arteries. J Vasc Surg. 14(6):789-93; discussion 793-5, 1991
Krajewski LP et al: Blunt carotid artery trauma: report of two cases and review of the literature. Ann Surg. 191(3):341-6, 1980
Related Anatomy
Loading...
Related Differential Diagnoses
Loading...
References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
Blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI)
Carotid artery injury (CAI)
Vertebral artery injury (VAI)
Definitions
Traumatic injury to either carotid or vertebral arteries
Dissection
Thrombosis
Pseudoaneurysm
Transection
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
Angiographic Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Galardi MM et al: Cerebrovascular complications of pediatric blunt trauma. Pediatr Neurol. S0887-8994(19)30999-3, 2020
Rutman AM et al: Imaging and management of blunt cerebrovascular injury. Radiographics. 38(2):542-63, 2018
Stone DK et al: Management of blunt cerebrovascular injury. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 18(12):98, 2018
Winn A et al: Blunt craniocervical trauma: does the patient have a cerebral vascular injury? Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 28(3):495-507, 2018
Harrigan MR et al: Management of vertebral artery injuries following non-penetrating cervical trauma. Neurosurgery. 72 Suppl 2:234-43, 2013
Munera F et al: Multi-detector row CT angiography of the neck in blunt trauma. Radiol Clin North Am. 50(1):59-72, 2012
Albuquerque FC et al: Craniocervical arterial dissections as sequelae of chiropractic manipulation: patterns of injury and management. J Neurosurg. 115(6):1197-205, 2011
Fusco MR et al: Cerebrovascular dissections--a review part I: spontaneous dissections. Neurosurgery. 68(1):242-57; discussion 257, 2011
Fusco MR et al: Cerebrovascular dissections: a review. Part II: blunt cerebrovascular injury. Neurosurgery. 68(2):517-30; discussion 530, 2011
Ringer AJ et al: Screening for blunt cerebrovascular injury: selection criteria for use of angiography. J Neurosurg. 112(5):1146-9, 2010
Lee CK et al: Traumatic vertebral artery injury: detailed clinicopathologic and morphometric analysis of 6 cases. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 30(2):134-6, 2009
Yeh HF et al: Traumatic vertebral artery dissection and Wallenberg syndrome after a motorcycle collision. Am J Emerg Med. 27(1):131, 2009
Hoit DA et al: Angiographic detection of carotid and vertebral arterial injury in the high-energy blunt trauma patient. J Spinal Disord Tech. 21(4):259-66, 2008
Stallmeyer MJ et al: Imaging of traumatic neurovascular injury. Radiol Clin North Am. 44(1):13-39, vii, 2006
Torina PJ et al: Incidence of vertebral artery thrombosis in cervical spine trauma: correlation with severity of spinal cord injury. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 26(10):2645-51, 2005
Pride GL Jr et al: Stent-coil treatment of a distal internal carotid artery dissecting pseudoaneurysm on a redundant loop by use of a flexible, dedicated nitinol intracranial stent. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 25(2):333-7, 2004
du Toit DF et al: Neurologic outcome after penetrating extracranial arterial trauma. J Vasc Surg. 38(2):257-62, 2003
Miller PR et al: Prospective screening for blunt cerebrovascular injuries: analysis of diagnostic modalities and outcomes. Ann Surg. 236(3):386-93; discussion 393-5, 2002
Miller PR et al: Blunt cerebrovascular injuries: diagnosis and treatment. J Trauma. 51(2):279-85; discussion 285-6, 2001
Stevinson C et al: Neurological complications of cervical spine manipulation. J R Soc Med. 94(3):107-10, 2001
Biffl WL et al: The devastating potential of blunt vertebral arterial injuries. Ann Surg. 231(5):672-81, 2000
Biffl WL et al: Optimizing screening for blunt cerebrovascular injuries. Am J Surg. 178(6):517-22, 1999
Carrillo EH et al: Blunt carotid artery injuries: difficulties with the diagnosis prior to neurologic event. J Trauma. 46(6):1120-5, 1999
Guillon B et al: Long-term follow-up of aneurysms developed during extracranial internal carotid artery dissection. Neurology. 53(1):117-22, 1999
Alimi Y et al: Bilateral dissection of the internal carotid artery at the base of the skull due to blunt trauma: incidence and severity. Ann Vasc Surg. 12(6):557-65, 1998
Sclafani AP et al: Angiography and transcatheter arterial embolization of vascular injuries of the face and neck. Laryngoscope. 106(2 Pt 1):168-73, 1996
Cogbill TH et al: The spectrum of blunt injury to the carotid artery: a multicenter perspective. J Trauma. 37(3):473-9, 1994
Martin RF et al: Blunt trauma to the carotid arteries. J Vasc Surg. 14(6):789-93; discussion 793-5, 1991
Krajewski LP et al: Blunt carotid artery trauma: report of two cases and review of the literature. Ann Surg. 191(3):341-6, 1980
STATdx includes over 200,000 searchable images, including x-ray, CT, MR, and ultrasound images. To access all images, please log in or subscribe.