Hypothenar hammer syndrome (HHS): ulnar artery superficial palmar arch injury; related to repetitive trauma to heel of hand, ± associated ulnar artery pseudoaneurysm
Pseudoaneurysm: saccular cystic dilatation of artery related to disruption of intima + media with hematoma; contained by adventitia
Vessel laceration: complete or partial disruption of vessel, typically from penetrating trauma
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
Angiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Relevant Anatomy
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
Selected References
Carr MP et al: Hypothenar hammer syndrome: case report and literature review. Radiol Case Rep. 14(7):868-71, 2019
Geng M et al: Hypothenar hammer syndrome: importance of MR and conventional angiographic findings. J Xiangya Med. 2:70, 2017
Poole CJ et al: Vascular hand-arm vibration syndrome-magnetic resonance angiography. Occup Med (Lond). 66(1):75-8, 2016
de Mooij T et al: Vascular injuries in the upper extremity in athletes. Hand Clin. 31(1):39-52, 2015
Iannuzzi NP et al: Acute arterial thrombosis of the hand. J Hand Surg Am. 40(10):2099-106, 2015
Lisle DA et al: MR imaging of traumatic and overuse injuries of the wrist and hand in athletes. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 17(4):639-54, vi, 2009
Ablett CT et al: Hypothenar hammer syndrome: case reports and brief review. Clin Med Res. 6(1):3-8, 2008
McCready RA et al: Combined thenar and hypothenar hammer syndromes: case report and review of the literature. J Vasc Surg. 48(3):741-4, 2008
Soubeyrand M et al: Penetrating volar injuries of the hand: diagnostic accuracy of US in depicting soft-tissue lesions. Radiology. 249(1):228-35, 2008
Stepansky F et al: Dynamic MR angiography of upper extremity vascular disease: pictorial review. Radiographics. 28(1):e28, 2008
Youakim S: Thenar hammer syndrome: a case report. Occup Med (Lond). 56(7):507-9, 2006
Dethmers RS et al: Surgical management of hypothenar and thenar hammer syndromes: a retrospective study of 31 instances in 28 patients. J Hand Surg Br. 30(4):419-23, 2005
Ginn TA et al: Vascular changes of the hand in professional baseball players with emphasis on digital ischemia in catchers. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 87(7):1464-9, 2005
Rosner JL et al: Imaging of athletic wrist and hand injuries. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 8(1):57-79, 2004
Related Anatomy
Loading...
Related Differential Diagnoses
Loading...
References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
Hypothenar hammer syndrome (HHS): ulnar artery superficial palmar arch injury; related to repetitive trauma to heel of hand, ± associated ulnar artery pseudoaneurysm
Pseudoaneurysm: saccular cystic dilatation of artery related to disruption of intima + media with hematoma; contained by adventitia
Vessel laceration: complete or partial disruption of vessel, typically from penetrating trauma
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
Angiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Relevant Anatomy
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
Selected References
Carr MP et al: Hypothenar hammer syndrome: case report and literature review. Radiol Case Rep. 14(7):868-71, 2019
Geng M et al: Hypothenar hammer syndrome: importance of MR and conventional angiographic findings. J Xiangya Med. 2:70, 2017
Poole CJ et al: Vascular hand-arm vibration syndrome-magnetic resonance angiography. Occup Med (Lond). 66(1):75-8, 2016
de Mooij T et al: Vascular injuries in the upper extremity in athletes. Hand Clin. 31(1):39-52, 2015
Iannuzzi NP et al: Acute arterial thrombosis of the hand. J Hand Surg Am. 40(10):2099-106, 2015
Lisle DA et al: MR imaging of traumatic and overuse injuries of the wrist and hand in athletes. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 17(4):639-54, vi, 2009
Ablett CT et al: Hypothenar hammer syndrome: case reports and brief review. Clin Med Res. 6(1):3-8, 2008
McCready RA et al: Combined thenar and hypothenar hammer syndromes: case report and review of the literature. J Vasc Surg. 48(3):741-4, 2008
Soubeyrand M et al: Penetrating volar injuries of the hand: diagnostic accuracy of US in depicting soft-tissue lesions. Radiology. 249(1):228-35, 2008
Stepansky F et al: Dynamic MR angiography of upper extremity vascular disease: pictorial review. Radiographics. 28(1):e28, 2008
Youakim S: Thenar hammer syndrome: a case report. Occup Med (Lond). 56(7):507-9, 2006
Dethmers RS et al: Surgical management of hypothenar and thenar hammer syndromes: a retrospective study of 31 instances in 28 patients. J Hand Surg Br. 30(4):419-23, 2005
Ginn TA et al: Vascular changes of the hand in professional baseball players with emphasis on digital ischemia in catchers. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 87(7):1464-9, 2005
Rosner JL et al: Imaging of athletic wrist and hand injuries. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 8(1):57-79, 2004
STATdx includes over 200,000 searchable images, including x-ray, CT, MR, and ultrasound images. To access all images, please log in or subscribe.