LMS primary malignant tumor that most often affects IVC, and it originates from parietal muscle cells of vessel
LMS is one of most common types of retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma
LMS may also be of retroperitoneal origin and secondarily invade vena cava
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Smillie RP et al: Imaging evaluation of the inferior vena cava. Radiographics. 35(2):578-92, 2015
Webb EM et al: Can CT features differentiate between inferior vena cava leiomyosarcomas and primary retroperitoneal masses? AJR Am J Roentgenol. 200(1):205-9, 2013
Merlo M et al: Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava: a clinicopathologic review and report of four cases. Minerva Chir. 63(3):209-21, 2008
Ito H et al: Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava: survival after aggressive management. Ann Surg Oncol. 14(12):3534-41, 2007
Kieffer E et al: Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava: experience in 22 cases. Ann Surg. 244(2):289-95, 2006
Nishino M et al: Primary retroperitoneal neoplasms: CT and MR imaging findings with anatomic and pathologic diagnostic clues. Radiographics. 23(1):45-57, 2003
Hines OJ et al: Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava: prognosis and comparison with leiomyosarcoma of other anatomic sites. Cancer. 85(5):1077-83, 1999
Mingoli A et al: International registry of inferior vena cava leiomyosarcoma: analysis of a world series on 218 patients. Anticancer Res. 16(5B):3201-5, 1996
Hartman DS et al: From the archives of the AFIP. Leiomyosarcoma of the retroperitoneum and inferior vena cava: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 12(6):1203-20, 1992
Related Anatomy
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of inferior vena cava (IVC)
Synonyms
IVC LMS
Primary IVC LMS
Retroperitoneal LMS with IVC invasion
Definitions
LMS primary malignant tumor that most often affects IVC, and it originates from parietal muscle cells of vessel
LMS is one of most common types of retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma
LMS may also be of retroperitoneal origin and secondarily invade vena cava
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Smillie RP et al: Imaging evaluation of the inferior vena cava. Radiographics. 35(2):578-92, 2015
Webb EM et al: Can CT features differentiate between inferior vena cava leiomyosarcomas and primary retroperitoneal masses? AJR Am J Roentgenol. 200(1):205-9, 2013
Merlo M et al: Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava: a clinicopathologic review and report of four cases. Minerva Chir. 63(3):209-21, 2008
Ito H et al: Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava: survival after aggressive management. Ann Surg Oncol. 14(12):3534-41, 2007
Kieffer E et al: Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava: experience in 22 cases. Ann Surg. 244(2):289-95, 2006
Nishino M et al: Primary retroperitoneal neoplasms: CT and MR imaging findings with anatomic and pathologic diagnostic clues. Radiographics. 23(1):45-57, 2003
Hines OJ et al: Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava: prognosis and comparison with leiomyosarcoma of other anatomic sites. Cancer. 85(5):1077-83, 1999
Mingoli A et al: International registry of inferior vena cava leiomyosarcoma: analysis of a world series on 218 patients. Anticancer Res. 16(5B):3201-5, 1996
Hartman DS et al: From the archives of the AFIP. Leiomyosarcoma of the retroperitoneum and inferior vena cava: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 12(6):1203-20, 1992
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