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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Echocardiographic Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Li X et al: Prediction of spontaneous closure of ventricular septal defect and guidance for clinical follow-up. Clin Cardiol. 42(5):536-41, 2019
- Nicolay S et al: CT imaging features of atrioventricular shunts: what the radiologist must know. Insights Imaging. 7(1):119-29, 2016
- Charakida M et al: Insights gained from three-dimensional imaging modalities for closure of ventricular septal defects. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 7(6):954-61, 2014
- Rojas CA et al: Ventricular septal defects: embryology and imaging findings. J Thorac Imaging. 28(2):W28–34, 2012
- Mongeon FP et al: Indications and outcomes of surgical closure of ventricular septal defect in adults. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 3(3):290-7, 2010
- Rajiah P et al: Computed tomography of septal defects. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 4(4):231-45, 2010
- Spanos GP et al: Time-resolved contrast-enhanced MRI in ventricular septal defect evaluation. Clin Radiol. 63(6):724-6, 2008
- Goo HW et al: CT of congenital heart disease: normal anatomy and typical pathologic conditions. Radiographics. 23 Spec No:S147-65, 2003
- Wang ZJ et al: Cardiovascular shunts: MR imaging evaluation. Radiographics. 23 Spec No:S181-94, 2003
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Echocardiographic Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Li X et al: Prediction of spontaneous closure of ventricular septal defect and guidance for clinical follow-up. Clin Cardiol. 42(5):536-41, 2019
- Nicolay S et al: CT imaging features of atrioventricular shunts: what the radiologist must know. Insights Imaging. 7(1):119-29, 2016
- Charakida M et al: Insights gained from three-dimensional imaging modalities for closure of ventricular septal defects. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 7(6):954-61, 2014
- Rojas CA et al: Ventricular septal defects: embryology and imaging findings. J Thorac Imaging. 28(2):W28–34, 2012
- Mongeon FP et al: Indications and outcomes of surgical closure of ventricular septal defect in adults. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 3(3):290-7, 2010
- Rajiah P et al: Computed tomography of septal defects. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 4(4):231-45, 2010
- Spanos GP et al: Time-resolved contrast-enhanced MRI in ventricular septal defect evaluation. Clin Radiol. 63(6):724-6, 2008
- Goo HW et al: CT of congenital heart disease: normal anatomy and typical pathologic conditions. Radiographics. 23 Spec No:S147-65, 2003
- Wang ZJ et al: Cardiovascular shunts: MR imaging evaluation. Radiographics. 23 Spec No:S181-94, 2003
