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KEY FACTS
Somatic vs. Visceral Pain
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
Definitions
- Somatic pain: Noxious sensation from skin, muscles, bones, and soft tissues; sharp and burning in nature; easy to localize and transduced along spinal nerves
- Visceral pain: Noxious sensation from visceral organs that can be perceived at site other than location of insult characterized as aching, pressure, or deep squeezing
- Dermatome: Area of skin that is innervated by receptive field of single spinal nerve
- Osteotome: Bone pain from vertebral segments that is referred to surface of body
- Myotome: Areas of muscle innervated by single spinal segmental nerves
- Sympathotome: Sympathetic innervation of organs that ascends centrally to ANS via anterolateral pathway
- Sclerotome: Region of bone and periosteum that is innervated by single spinal segment
- Referred pain: Pain perceived at site other than location of insult or tissue damage
- Visceral-somatic pain: Nerve fibers that transduce sensory information from viscera and their capsules
- Viscerovisceral pain: Pain from visceral capsules and lining of visceral cavities
- Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS): Protocol that implement multimodal perioperative care strategies to achieve early recovery after surgery by maintaining preoperative organ function and reducing stress response from surgery
- Enhanced recovery after interventional procedure (ERAP): Protocol that implement multimodal periprocedural care strategies to achieve early recovery after painful procedures by further reducing stress response from procedure
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
Somatic vs. Visceral Pain
Autonomic Nervous System Layout
Pain Has Both Somatic and Sympathetic Components
Pain and Injurious Milieu
Procedural Tissue Damage
Inflammation and Vicious Feed Forward Cycle
Selected References
- Simpson JC et al: Pain management in enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 32(2):121-8, 2019
- Haines DE et al: Viscerosensory pathways. In Fundamental Neuroscience for Basic and Clinical Applications. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. 278-85, 2018
- Baldock R et al: The axial musculoskeletal system. In Kaufman's Atlas of Mouse Development Supplement. Amsterdam: Academic Press. 165-75, 2015
- Sikandar S et al: Visceral pain: the ins and outs, the ups and downs. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care. 6(1):17-26, 2012
- Ji SP et al: [Study of treatment of hyaline membrane disease with pulmonary surfactant replacement in premature infant.] Zhongguo Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue. 19(4):248, 2007
- Cervero F et al: Visceral pain. Lancet. 353(9170):2145-8, 1999
- Woolf CJ et al: Preemptive analgesia--treating postoperative pain by preventing the establishment of central sensitization. Anesth Analg. 77(2):362-79, 1993
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Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Somatic vs. Visceral Pain
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
Definitions
- Somatic pain: Noxious sensation from skin, muscles, bones, and soft tissues; sharp and burning in nature; easy to localize and transduced along spinal nerves
- Visceral pain: Noxious sensation from visceral organs that can be perceived at site other than location of insult characterized as aching, pressure, or deep squeezing
- Dermatome: Area of skin that is innervated by receptive field of single spinal nerve
- Osteotome: Bone pain from vertebral segments that is referred to surface of body
- Myotome: Areas of muscle innervated by single spinal segmental nerves
- Sympathotome: Sympathetic innervation of organs that ascends centrally to ANS via anterolateral pathway
- Sclerotome: Region of bone and periosteum that is innervated by single spinal segment
- Referred pain: Pain perceived at site other than location of insult or tissue damage
- Visceral-somatic pain: Nerve fibers that transduce sensory information from viscera and their capsules
- Viscerovisceral pain: Pain from visceral capsules and lining of visceral cavities
- Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS): Protocol that implement multimodal perioperative care strategies to achieve early recovery after surgery by maintaining preoperative organ function and reducing stress response from surgery
- Enhanced recovery after interventional procedure (ERAP): Protocol that implement multimodal periprocedural care strategies to achieve early recovery after painful procedures by further reducing stress response from procedure
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
Somatic vs. Visceral Pain
Autonomic Nervous System Layout
Pain Has Both Somatic and Sympathetic Components
Pain and Injurious Milieu
Procedural Tissue Damage
Inflammation and Vicious Feed Forward Cycle
Selected References
- Simpson JC et al: Pain management in enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 32(2):121-8, 2019
- Haines DE et al: Viscerosensory pathways. In Fundamental Neuroscience for Basic and Clinical Applications. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. 278-85, 2018
- Baldock R et al: The axial musculoskeletal system. In Kaufman's Atlas of Mouse Development Supplement. Amsterdam: Academic Press. 165-75, 2015
- Sikandar S et al: Visceral pain: the ins and outs, the ups and downs. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care. 6(1):17-26, 2012
- Ji SP et al: [Study of treatment of hyaline membrane disease with pulmonary surfactant replacement in premature infant.] Zhongguo Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue. 19(4):248, 2007
- Cervero F et al: Visceral pain. Lancet. 353(9170):2145-8, 1999
- Woolf CJ et al: Preemptive analgesia--treating postoperative pain by preventing the establishment of central sensitization. Anesth Analg. 77(2):362-79, 1993
