Often referred to as cavernous hemangiomas in literature, although this is misnomer
Definitions
Vulvar lesions with thin-walled, dysplastic vascular channels of various sizes with associated hamartomatous stroma, phleboliths, and thrombi
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
Selected References
Carqueja IM et al: Vascular malformations: classification, diagnosis and treatment. Int Angiol. 37(2):127-42, 2018
Yu BR et al: Genital tract cavernous hemangioma as a rare cause of postpartum hemorrhage. Obstet Gynecol Sci. 60(5):473-6, 2017
Sapountzis S et al: Radical resection and reconstruction with bilateral gluteal fold perforator flaps for vulvar hemangiolymphangioma. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 121(2):179-80, 2013
Gray HJ et al: Painful clitoromegaly caused by rare epithelioid hemangioma. Gynecol Oncol Case Rep. 4:60-2, 2012
Hosseinzadeh K et al: Imaging of the female perineum in adults. Radiographics. 32(4):E129-68, 2012
Flors L et al: MR imaging of soft-tissue vascular malformations: diagnosis, classification, and therapy follow-up. Radiographics. 31(5):1321-40; discussion 1340-1, 2011
Madhu C et al: Vulval haemangioma in an adolescent girl. J Obstet Gynaecol. 31(2):187, 2011
Bruni V et al: Hemangioma of the clitoris presenting as clitoromegaly: a case report. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 22(5):e137-8, 2009
Djunic I et al: Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the left leg, vulva, uterus, and placenta of a pregnant woman. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 107(3):250-1, 2009
Guida M et al: Pregnancy-induced symptomatic pelvic and extra-pelvic cavernous hemangiomatosis. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 36(1):55-7, 2009
Wang S et al: Venous malformations of the female lower genital tract. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 145(2):205-8, 2009
Elsayes KM et al: Vascular malformation and hemangiomatosis syndromes: spectrum of imaging manifestations. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 190(5):1291-9, 2008
da Silva BB et al: Vulvar epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. Gynecol Oncol. 105(2):539-41, 2007
Gupta R et al: Benign vascular tumors of female genital tract. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 16(3):1195-200, 2006
Erkek E et al: Clinical and histopathological findings in Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome. J Am Acad Dermatol. 53(4):639-43, 2005
Fernández-Aguilar S et al: Spindle cell vulvar hemangiomatosis associated with enchondromatosis: a rare variant of Maffucci's syndrome. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 23(1):68-70, 2004
Olsen KI et al: Soft-tissue cavernous hemangioma. Radiographics. 24(3):849-54, 2004
Bava GL et al: Life-threatening hemorrhage from a vulvar hemangioma. J Pediatr Surg. 37(4):E6, 2002
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
Often referred to as cavernous hemangiomas in literature, although this is misnomer
Definitions
Vulvar lesions with thin-walled, dysplastic vascular channels of various sizes with associated hamartomatous stroma, phleboliths, and thrombi
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
Selected References
Carqueja IM et al: Vascular malformations: classification, diagnosis and treatment. Int Angiol. 37(2):127-42, 2018
Yu BR et al: Genital tract cavernous hemangioma as a rare cause of postpartum hemorrhage. Obstet Gynecol Sci. 60(5):473-6, 2017
Sapountzis S et al: Radical resection and reconstruction with bilateral gluteal fold perforator flaps for vulvar hemangiolymphangioma. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 121(2):179-80, 2013
Gray HJ et al: Painful clitoromegaly caused by rare epithelioid hemangioma. Gynecol Oncol Case Rep. 4:60-2, 2012
Hosseinzadeh K et al: Imaging of the female perineum in adults. Radiographics. 32(4):E129-68, 2012
Flors L et al: MR imaging of soft-tissue vascular malformations: diagnosis, classification, and therapy follow-up. Radiographics. 31(5):1321-40; discussion 1340-1, 2011
Madhu C et al: Vulval haemangioma in an adolescent girl. J Obstet Gynaecol. 31(2):187, 2011
Bruni V et al: Hemangioma of the clitoris presenting as clitoromegaly: a case report. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 22(5):e137-8, 2009
Djunic I et al: Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the left leg, vulva, uterus, and placenta of a pregnant woman. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 107(3):250-1, 2009
Guida M et al: Pregnancy-induced symptomatic pelvic and extra-pelvic cavernous hemangiomatosis. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 36(1):55-7, 2009
Wang S et al: Venous malformations of the female lower genital tract. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 145(2):205-8, 2009
Elsayes KM et al: Vascular malformation and hemangiomatosis syndromes: spectrum of imaging manifestations. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 190(5):1291-9, 2008
da Silva BB et al: Vulvar epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. Gynecol Oncol. 105(2):539-41, 2007
Gupta R et al: Benign vascular tumors of female genital tract. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 16(3):1195-200, 2006
Erkek E et al: Clinical and histopathological findings in Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome. J Am Acad Dermatol. 53(4):639-43, 2005
Fernández-Aguilar S et al: Spindle cell vulvar hemangiomatosis associated with enchondromatosis: a rare variant of Maffucci's syndrome. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 23(1):68-70, 2004
Olsen KI et al: Soft-tissue cavernous hemangioma. Radiographics. 24(3):849-54, 2004
Bava GL et al: Life-threatening hemorrhage from a vulvar hemangioma. J Pediatr Surg. 37(4):E6, 2002
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