Classified as ovarian malignant germ cell tumor (OMGCT)
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Anfelter P et al: Imaging in gynecological disease: ultrasound features of malignant ovarian yolk sac tumors (endodermal sinus tumors). Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 56(2):276-84, 2020
Wang Q et al: Clinical and computed tomography features of female pelvic malignant germ cell tumors in children and adolescents: a series of 30 cases. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 33(1):83-8, 2020
Shaaban AM et al: Ovarian malignant germ cell tumors: cellular classification and clinical and imaging features. Radiographics. 34(3):777-801, 2014
Alotaibi MO et al: Imaging of ovarian teratomas in children: a 9-year review. Can Assoc Radiol J. 61(1):23-8, 2010
Lal A et al: Endodermal sinus tumor: a rare cause of calcified peritoneal implants. Cancer Imaging. 9:29-31, 2009
Choi HJ et al: Yolk sac tumor of the ovary: CT findings. Abdom Imaging. 33(6):736-9, 2008
De Backer A et al: Ovarian germ cell tumors in children: a clinical study of 66 patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 46(4):459-64, 2006
Aoki Y et al: Yolk sac tumor of the ovary during pregnancy: a case report. Gynecol Oncol. 99(2):497-9, 2005
Ayhan A et al: Endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary: the Hacettepe University experience. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 123(2):230-4, 2005
Ulbright TM: Germ cell tumors of the gonads: a selective review emphasizing problems in differential diagnosis, newly appreciated, and controversial issues. Mod Pathol. 18 Suppl 2:S61-79, 2005
Young RH: Sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary and testis: their similarities and differences with consideration of selected problems. Mod Pathol. 18 Suppl 2:S81-98, 2005
Lopez JM et al: Ovarian yolk sac tumor associated with endometrioid carcinoma and mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary. Ann Diagn Pathol. 7(5):300-5, 2003
Nawa A et al: Prognostic factors of patients with yolk sac tumors of the ovary. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 184(6):1182-8, 2001
Oh C et al: Ovarian endodermal sinus tumor in a postmenopausal woman. Gynecol Oncol. 82(2):392-4, 2001
Yamaoka T et al: Yolk sac tumor of the ovary: radiologic-pathologic correlation in four cases. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 24(4):605-9, 2000
Related Anatomy
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Yolk sac tumor (YST)
Synonyms
Endodermal sinus tumor
Definitions
Classified as ovarian malignant germ cell tumor (OMGCT)
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Anfelter P et al: Imaging in gynecological disease: ultrasound features of malignant ovarian yolk sac tumors (endodermal sinus tumors). Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 56(2):276-84, 2020
Wang Q et al: Clinical and computed tomography features of female pelvic malignant germ cell tumors in children and adolescents: a series of 30 cases. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 33(1):83-8, 2020
Shaaban AM et al: Ovarian malignant germ cell tumors: cellular classification and clinical and imaging features. Radiographics. 34(3):777-801, 2014
Alotaibi MO et al: Imaging of ovarian teratomas in children: a 9-year review. Can Assoc Radiol J. 61(1):23-8, 2010
Lal A et al: Endodermal sinus tumor: a rare cause of calcified peritoneal implants. Cancer Imaging. 9:29-31, 2009
Choi HJ et al: Yolk sac tumor of the ovary: CT findings. Abdom Imaging. 33(6):736-9, 2008
De Backer A et al: Ovarian germ cell tumors in children: a clinical study of 66 patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 46(4):459-64, 2006
Aoki Y et al: Yolk sac tumor of the ovary during pregnancy: a case report. Gynecol Oncol. 99(2):497-9, 2005
Ayhan A et al: Endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary: the Hacettepe University experience. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 123(2):230-4, 2005
Ulbright TM: Germ cell tumors of the gonads: a selective review emphasizing problems in differential diagnosis, newly appreciated, and controversial issues. Mod Pathol. 18 Suppl 2:S61-79, 2005
Young RH: Sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary and testis: their similarities and differences with consideration of selected problems. Mod Pathol. 18 Suppl 2:S81-98, 2005
Lopez JM et al: Ovarian yolk sac tumor associated with endometrioid carcinoma and mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary. Ann Diagn Pathol. 7(5):300-5, 2003
Nawa A et al: Prognostic factors of patients with yolk sac tumors of the ovary. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 184(6):1182-8, 2001
Oh C et al: Ovarian endodermal sinus tumor in a postmenopausal woman. Gynecol Oncol. 82(2):392-4, 2001
Yamaoka T et al: Yolk sac tumor of the ovary: radiologic-pathologic correlation in four cases. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 24(4):605-9, 2000
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